2,515 research outputs found
Spin Hall Effect of Excitons
Spin Hall effect for excitons in alkali halides and in Cu_2O is investigated
theoretically. In both systems, the spin Hall effect results from the Berry
curvature in k space, which becomes nonzero due to lifting of degeneracies of
the exciton states by exchange coupling. The trajectory of the excitons can be
directly seen as spatial dependence of the circularly polarized light emitted
from the excitons. It enables us to observe the spin Hall effect directly in
the real-space time.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Investigation of the thermal expansion and heat capacity of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics
The thermal expansion of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics has been measured over a wide temperature
range 120–1200 K. The high quality of the samples under study has been confirmed by good agreement of
the results of measurements of the heat capacity in the range 2–300 K and in the vicinity of the phase transition of magnetic nature at 25 K with the data for the single crystal. No anomalies in the thermal expansion
that can be associated with the phase transition at 726–732 K assumed by other investigators have been found.
The influence exerted on the thermal expansion by the heat treatment of the sample in a helium atmosphere
and in air has been investigated
Cluster galaxies 10 billion years ago
Cl J1449+0856 is a spectroscopically confirmed galaxy cluster at z ~ 2. The detection of a faint, extended X-ray emission, suggestive of an already evolved, partially relaxed structure, puts this system among the most distant "established” clusters rather than in the realm of z≳2 proto-clusters. This gives us a chance of studying galaxies in an evolved overdense environment very close to their formation epoch, and in particular to trace the evolution of early-type galaxies in clusters back to ten billion years ag
Magnetic Phase Diagrams with Possible Field-induced Antiferroquadrupolar Order in TbBC
Magnetic phase diagrams of a tetragonal antiferromagnet TbBC were
clarified by temperature and field dependence of magnetization. It is
noticeable that the N{\'e}el temperature in TbBC is anomalously
enhanced with magnetic fields, in particular the enhancement reaches 13.5 K for
the direction at 10 T. The magnetization processes as well as the
phase diagrams are well interpreted assuming that there appear field-induced
antiferroquadrupolar ordered phases in TbBC. The phase diagrams of the
AFQ compounds in RBC are systematically understood in terms of the
competition with AFQ and AFM interactions.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX
P-16. Effects of feeding and cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) administration on the somatotropic axis of goats around weaning(Abstracts of the International Symposium on Recent Advances in Animal Science(IS-RAAS),Joint meeting of 2^<nd> IS-AS and 3^<rd> IS-IFS)
Possible role of Krüppel-like factor 5 in the remodeling of small airways and pulmonary vessels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
BACKGROUND: Small airway remodeling is an important cause of the airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A large population of patients with COPD also have pulmonary hypertension. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a zinc-finger transcription factor that contributes to tissue remodeling in cardiovascular diseases. Here, we evaluate the possible involvement of KLF5 in the remodeling of small airways and pulmonary vessels in COPD. METHODS: Lung tissues were obtained from 23 control never-smokers, 17 control ex-smokers and 24 ex-smokers with COPD. The expression of KLF5 in the lung tissues was investigated by immunohistochemistry. We investigated whether oxidative/nitrosative stress, which is a major cause of the pathogenesis in COPD, could augment the production of KLF5. We examined the role of KLF5 in the stress-mediated tissue remodeling responses. We also investigated the susceptibility of KLF5 expression to nitrosative stress using bronchial fibroblasts isolated from the lung tissues. RESULTS: The expression of KLF5 was up-regulated in the small airways and pulmonary vessels of the COPD patients and it was mainly expressed in bronchial fibroblasts and cells of the pulmonary vessels. The extent of the KLF5 expression in the small airway of the COPD group had a significant correlation with the severity of the airflow limitation. Oxidative/nitrosative stress augmented the production of KLF5 in lung fibroblasts as well as the translocation of KLF5 into the nuclei. Silencing of KLF5 suppressed the stress-augmented differentiation into myofibroblasts, the release of collagens and metalloproteinases. Bronchial fibroblasts from the patients with COPD highly expressed KLF5 compared to those from the control subjects under basal condition and were more susceptible to the induction of KLF5 expression by nitrosative stress compared to those from the control subjects. CONCLUSION: We provide the first evidence that the expression of KLF5 is up-regulated in small airways and pulmonary vessels of patients with COPD and may be involved in the tissue remodeling of COPD
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