642 research outputs found
Generalized Second Law of Black Hole Thermodynamics and Quantum Information Theory
We propose a quantum version of a gedanken experiment which supports the
generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics. A quantum measurement of
particles in the region outside of the event horizon decreases the entropy of
the outside matter due to the entanglement of the inside and outside particle
states. This decrease is compensated, however, by the increase in the detector
entropy. If the detector is conditionally dropped into the black hole depending
on the experimental outcome, the decrease of the matter entropy is more than
compensated by the increase of the black hole entropy via the increase of the
black hole mass which is ultimately attributed to the work done by the
measurement.Comment: 5 pages, RevTex, submitted to PR
Three-body problem in Fermi gases with short-range interparticle interaction
We discuss 3-body processes in ultracold two-component Fermi gases with
short-range intercomponent interaction characterized by a large and positive
scattering length . It is found that in most cases the probability of 3-body
recombination is a universal function of the mass ratio and , and is
independent of short-range physics. We also calculate the scattering length
corresponding to the atom-dimer interaction.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Universal physics of 2+1 particles with non-zero angular momentum
The zero-energy universal properties of scattering between a particle and a
dimer that involves an identical particle are investigated for arbitrary
scattering angular momenta. For this purpose, we derive an integral equation
that generalises the Skorniakov - Ter-Martirosian equation to the case of
non-zero angular momentum. As the mass ratio between the particles is varied,
we find various scattering resonances that can be attributed to the appearance
of universal trimers and Efimov trimers at the collisional threshold.Comment: 6 figure
Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin Transformations and the Fermion Propagator in Quantum Electrodynamics
We study the gauge covariance of the massive fermion propagator in three as
well as four dimensional Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). Starting from its value
at the lowest order in perturbation theory, we evaluate a non-perturbative
expression for it by means of its Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin (LKF)
transformation. We compare the perturbative expansion of our findings with the
known one loop results and observe perfect agreement upto a gauge parameter
independent term, a difference permitted by the structure of the LKF
transformations.Comment: 9 pages, no figures, uses revte
Non-abelian plane waves and stochastic regimes for (2+1)-dimensional gauge field models with Chern-Simons term
An exact time-dependent solution of field equations for the 3-d gauge field
model with a Chern-Simons (CS) topological mass is found. Limiting cases of
constant solution and solution with vanishing topological mass are considered.
After Lorentz boost, the found solution describes a massive nonlinear
non-abelian plane wave. For the more complicate case of gauge fields with CS
mass interacting with a Higgs field, the stochastic character of motion is
demonstrated.Comment: LaTeX 2.09, 13 pages, 11 eps figure
Correlated N-boson systems for arbitrary scattering length
We investigate systems of identical bosons with the focus on two-body
correlations and attractive finite-range potentials. We use a hyperspherical
adiabatic method and apply a Faddeev type of decomposition of the wave
function. We discuss the structure of a condensate as function of particle
number and scattering length. We establish universal scaling relations for the
critical effective radial potentials for distances where the average distance
between particle pairs is larger than the interaction range. The correlations
in the wave function restore the large distance mean-field behaviour with the
correct two-body interaction. We discuss various processes limiting the
stability of condensates. With correlations we confirm that macroscopic
tunneling dominates when the trap length is about half of the particle number
times the scattering length.Comment: 15 pages (RevTeX4), 11 figures (LaTeX), submitted to Phys. Rev. A.
Second version includes an explicit comparison to N=3, a restructured
manuscript, and updated figure
Nonparametric Information Geometry
The differential-geometric structure of the set of positive densities on a
given measure space has raised the interest of many mathematicians after the
discovery by C.R. Rao of the geometric meaning of the Fisher information. Most
of the research is focused on parametric statistical models. In series of
papers by author and coworkers a particular version of the nonparametric case
has been discussed. It consists of a minimalistic structure modeled according
the theory of exponential families: given a reference density other densities
are represented by the centered log likelihood which is an element of an Orlicz
space. This mappings give a system of charts of a Banach manifold. It has been
observed that, while the construction is natural, the practical applicability
is limited by the technical difficulty to deal with such a class of Banach
spaces. It has been suggested recently to replace the exponential function with
other functions with similar behavior but polynomial growth at infinity in
order to obtain more tractable Banach spaces, e.g. Hilbert spaces. We give
first a review of our theory with special emphasis on the specific issues of
the infinite dimensional setting. In a second part we discuss two specific
topics, differential equations and the metric connection. The position of this
line of research with respect to other approaches is briefly discussed.Comment: Submitted for publication in the Proceedings od GSI2013 Aug 28-30
2013 Pari
Ultracold Atoms in 1D Optical Lattices: Mean Field, Quantum Field, Computation, and Soliton Formation
In this work, we highlight the correspondence between two descriptions of a
system of ultracold bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice potential: (1)
the discrete nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation, a discrete mean-field theory,
and (2) the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian, a discrete quantum-field theory. The
former is recovered from the latter in the limit of a product of local coherent
states. Using a truncated form of these mean-field states as initial
conditions, we build quantum analogs to the dark soliton solutions of the
discrete nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation and investigate their dynamical
properties in the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian. We also discuss specifics of the
numerical methods employed for both our mean-field and quantum calculations,
where in the latter case we use the time-evolving block decimation algorithm
due to Vidal.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures; to appear in Journal of Mathematics and
Computers in Simulatio
Effective String Theory of Vortices and Regge Trajectories
Starting from a field theory containing classical vortex solutions, we obtain
an effective string theory of these vortices as a path integral over the two
transverse degrees of freedom of the string. We carry out a semiclassical
expansion of this effective theory, and use it to obtain corrections to Regge
trajectories due to string fluctuations.Comment: 27 pages, revtex, 3 figures, corrected an error with the cutoff in
appendix E (was previously D), added more discussion of Fig. 3, moved some
material in section 9 to a new appendi
A spectral survey of an ultra-hot Jupiter:Detection of metals in the transmission spectrum of KELT-9 b
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