Dynamics of health insurance ownership in Vietnam, 2004 – 06

Vietnam is undertaking health financing reform in an attempt to achieve universal health insurance coverage by 2014. Changes in health insurance policies have doubled the overall coverage between 2004 and 2006. However, close examination of Vietnam Living Standard Surveys during this period reveals that about one fifth of the insured in 2004 dropped out of the health insurance system by 2006. This paper uses longitudinal data from VHLSS 2004 and 2006 to investigate the characteristics of those who joined and those who left the health insurance system. We model the static and dynamic health insurance choices allowing for heterogeneity of choices. The results from both static and dynamic models highlight the importance of income and education in determining the movement in or out of a particular scheme. The results from the static models of health insurance determinants show significant adverse selection in the current health insurance system where individuals with bad health are more likely to be insured. The findings from the dynamic models of health insurance ownership also suggest that the current health insurance system entails significant adverse selection where people with worse health are more likely to join or stay in and less likely to move out of the system. Some policy implications to increase coverage and to maintain financial sustainability of the health insurance system are drawn.health insurance, adverse selection, Vietnam

Immigration Background and the Intergenerational Correlation in Education

This paper analyzes the degree of intergenerational education mobility among immigrant and native-born youth in Australia. We find that young Australians from non-English-speaking background (NESB) immigrant families have an educational advantage over their English-speaking background (ESB) immigrant and Australian-born peers. Moreover, while highly-educated Australian-born mothers and fathers transfer separate and roughly equal educational advantages to their children, outcomes for ESB (NESB) youth are most closely linked to the educational attainment of their fathers (mothers). On balance, intergenerational mobility in families with two highly-educated parents appears to be much the same for Australian-born and ESB families and is somewhat greater for NESB families. Finally, the greater importance that NESB mothers attribute to education appears to mitigate the educational penalty associated with socio-economic disadvantage.education, immigration, intergenerational

Reliability evaluation of 2D semi-rigid steel frames accounting for corrosion effects

Nowadays, steel frames are widely used in civil and industrial engineering structures. The design process for steel frames with semi-rigid beam-column connections is an interesting topic for designers and researchers. However, the current design codes purely deal with the structural reliability at the pristine and the degradation of steel due to corrosion is not specified. This study proposes a procedure for evaluating the reliability of two-dimensional semi-rigid steel frames considering corrosion effects. A series of Monte Carlo simulations are performed to evaluate the reliability of the corroded steel structures. The random variables including corrosion phenomenon, semi-rigid connection, and applied load, are considered in the proposed method. The safety deterioration of the steel structures due to the corrosion phenomenon until 50 years is obtained. Additionally, the effects of input parameters, which are safety factors and coefficients of variation, on the reliability of structures are examined in the present study. Finally, a verification of this study and previous results is performed, highlighting the capability of the proposed method.

Reliability evaluation of 2D semi-rigid steel frames accounting for corrosion effects

Nowadays, steel frames are widely used in civil and industrial engineering structures. The design process for steel frames with semi-rigid beam-column connections is an interesting topic for designers and researchers. However, the current design codes purely deal with the structural reliability at the pristine and the degradation of steel due to corrosion is not specified. This study proposes a procedure for evaluating the reliability of two-dimensional semi-rigid steel frames considering corrosion effects. A series of Monte Carlo simulations are performed to evaluate the reliability of the corroded steel structures. The random variables including corrosion phenomenon, semi-rigid connection, and applied load, are considered in the proposed method. The safety deterioration of the steel structures due to the corrosion phenomenon until 50 years is obtained. Additionally, the effects of input parameters, which are safety factors and coefficients of variation, on the reliability of structures are examined in the present study. Finally, a verification of this study and previous results is performed, highlighting the capability of the proposed method.

GEOARCHAEOLOGY OF THE MARITIME REGION IN NORTHEAST VIETNAM

The northeast maritime region of Vietnam, consisting of Quang Ninh Province and Hai Phong city, covers approximately 7500 km2 and incorporates over 3000 islands. The prehistory of the region reflects fluctuations in sea level and exchanges between cultural regions, especially during the Hoabinhian and Bacsonian periods. This research uses radiocarbon, geological and archaeological data to describe a five stage model for the region’s geoarchaeological evolution

NEISKORIŠTENI POTENCIJAL I VISOKOTEHNOLOŠKA TRGOVINA: SLUČAJ IZVOZA ZEMALJA ASEAN-6

This study aims to quantify the impact of untapped export potential on ASEAN-6 countries’ high-tech exports for the 2006-2016 period. Our innovative aspect sheds new light on the relationship between the untapped export potential in the previous year and export performance in the current year. Using a system GMM estimator, we found several significant results. Firstly, untapped export potential in the last year has a positive impact on ASEAN-6 countries’ high-tech exports in the current year. Secondly, the effect of untapped export potential on ASEAN-6 countries’ high-tech exports depends on supply competencies (ASEAN-6 countries’ human capital and research and development capability) and the bilateral linkage (importing countries’ trade barriers and institutional similarity between ASEAN-6 countries and importing countries). Thirdly, supply competencies are the most important when ASEAN-6 countries export high-tech goods to high-income countries. In contrast, the bilateral linkage is the most crucial when ASEAN-6 countries ship high-tech products to low-income countries. Measures to enhance human capital, upgrade research and development capability, promote trade liberalization, and minimize the institutional distance with the trading partners are the remedy for ASEAN-6 countries to tap the untapped potential.Ova studija ima za cilj kvantificirati utjecaj neiskorištenog izvoznog potencijala na visokotehnološki izvoz zemalja ASEAN-6 za razdoblje 2006.-2016. Naš inovativni aspekt baca novo svjetlo na odnos između neiskorištenog izvoznog potencijala u prethodnoj godini i izvoznih rezultata u tekućoj godini. Koristeći sustav GMM procjenitelja, pronašli smo nekoliko značajnih rezultata. Prvo, neiskorišteni izvozni potencijal u prošloj godini ima pozitivan učinak na visokotehnološki izvoz zemalja ASEAN-6 u tekućoj godini. Drugo, učinak neiskorištenog izvoznog potencijala na visokotehnološki izvoz zemalja ASEAN-6 ovisi o opskrbnim kompetencijama (ljudski kapital i sposobnost istraživanja i razvoja u zemljama ASEAN-6) i bilateralnoj povezanosti (trgovinske prepreke zemalja uvoznica i institucionalna sličnost između zemlje ASEAN-6 i zemlje uvoznice). Treće, kompetencije u opskrbi su najvažnije kada zemlje ASEAN-6 izvoze robu visoke tehnologije u zemlje s visokim dohotkom. Nasuprot tome, bilateralna veza je najvažnija kada zemlje ASEAN-6 isporučuju visokotehnološke proizvode u zemlje s niskim prihodima. Mjere za poboljšanje ljudskog kapitala, nadogradnju istraživačkih i razvojnih sposobnosti, promicanje liberalizacije trgovine i smanjenje institucionalne udaljenosti s trgovinskim partnerima, lijek su za zemlje ASEAN-6 da iskoriste neiskorišteni potencijal

An Application of Vector Autoregressive Model for Analyzing the Impact of Weather And Nearby Traffic Flow On The Traffic Volume

This paper aims to predict the traffic flow at one road segment based on nearby traffic volume and weather conditions. Our team also discover the impact of weather conditions and nearby traffic volume on the traffic flow at a target point. The analysis results will help solve the problem of traffic flow prediction and develop an optimal transport network with efficient traffic movement and minimal traffic congestion. Hourly historical weather and traffic flow data are selected to solve this problem. This paper uses model VAR(36) with time trend and constant to train the dataset and forecast. With an RMSE of 565.0768111 on average, the model is considered appropriate although some statistical tests implies that the residuals are unstable and non-normal. Also, this paper points out some variables that are not useful in forecasting, which helps simplify the data-collecting process when building the forecasting system.Comment: International Conference on Computing and Communication Technologies (RIVF2022

A metal atmosphere corrosion in the industrial zones - Reliability and durability prediction models of steel structures

Currently, the steel structure has been popularly used in industrial zones due to cost advantage and fast construction time. However, the industrial zone is an area with complex corrosive agents in the environment such as sulfur dioxides and chlorides. This paper presents a reliability prediction model considering atmosphere corrosion at the industrial zones. The prediction model is a combination of metal atmosphere corrosion (MAC), finite element method (FEM), and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Thereafter, that predictive model is applied for reliability and durability assessment of the steel structures due to atmosphere corrosion in the industrial zones until a life-service of 100 years. The result reveals that the safe probability of the steel structure is reduced to approximately 90 and 80% after 50 years and 100 years, respectively. It implies that the time-varying structural degradation at the design step should be considered

A metal atmosphere corrosion in the industrial zones - Reliability and durability prediction models of steel structures

Currently, the steel structure has been popularly used in industrial zones due to cost advantage and fast construction time. However, the industrial zone is an area with complex corrosive agents in the environment such as sulfur dioxides and chlorides. This paper presents a reliability prediction model considering atmosphere corrosion at the industrial zones. The prediction model is a combination of metal atmosphere corrosion (MAC), finite element method (FEM), and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Thereafter, that predictive model is applied for reliability and durability assessment of the steel structures due to atmosphere corrosion in the industrial zones until a life-service of 100 years. The result reveals that the safe probability of the steel structure is reduced to approximately 90 and 80% after 50 years and 100 years, respectively. It implies that the time-varying structural degradation at the design step should be considered

Efficient prediction of axial load-bearing capacity of concrete columns reinforced with FRP bars using GBRT model

The behavior of concrete columns reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars is different from conventional reinforced concrete columns due to the mechanical properties of FRP bars. This study develops a novel machine learning (ML) model, namely gradient boosting regression tree (GBRT), for efficiently predicting the axial load-bearing capacity (ALC) of concrete columns reinforced with FRP bars. A data base containing 283 experimental results is collected to develop the ML model. Seven code-based and empirical-based equations are also included in comparison with the developed ML models. Moreover, we also propose a multiple linear regression (MLR)-based formula for calculating the ALC of the FRP-concrete column. The performance results of GBRT model are compared with those of published formulas and the proposed MLR-based formula. Statistical properties including , , and  are calculated to evaluate the accuracy of those predictive models. The comparisons demonstrate that GBRT outperforms other models with very high  values and small . Moreover, the influence of input parameters on the predicted ALC isevaluated. Finally, an efficient graphical user interface tool is developed to simplify the practical design process of FRP-concrete columns