Temporal dynamics of the brain response to painful stimulation.

<p>(A) shows time courses and representative brain slices for the somatosensory component in fibromyalgia patients (top) and healthy subjects (bottom) derived from activation temporal analysis. (B) shows the corresponding data for the insular component in patients (top) and healthy subjects (bottom). (C–F) show block-average time courses for the somatosensory component in patients (C) and healthy subjects (D), and the insular component in patients (E) and healthy subjects (F). Yellow bars identify stimulation scans. R indicates right hemisphere.</p

Correlation map between subjective pain scores and brain activations.

<p>(Adjusted for response duration -data-driven analysis- including all individuals). Display threshold, <i>P</i><0.01, 10 voxels. R indicates right hemisphere. The plot illustrates the correlation at peak activation in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (<i>r</i> = 0.82, <i>P</i><0.0001 and adjusted <i>r²</i> = 0.66). A.u., arbitrary units. Red and blue dots correspond to patients and control subjects, respectively. The names of the regions are shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0005224#pone-0005224-t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>.</p

Brain Activations Adjusted for Response Duration (Data-Driven Analysis).

<p>Group activations show <i>P</i><0.05 False Discovery Rate (FDR) whole brain corrected. The contrast patients>controls shows <i>P</i><0.05 FDR corrected for the volume of activated regions (pain network). Coordinates (mm) are in the standard Talairach space. SII, second somatosensory cortex, SMA, supplementary motor area.</p

Emotional face task performance.

<p>Mean number of steps needed to recognize each particular emotion ±SD.</p

Correlation of Subjective Pain Scores with Brain Activations Adjusted for Response Duration (Data-Driven Analysis) (n = 18).

<p>All correlations show <i>P</i><0.05 False Discovery Rate (FDR) corrected for the volume of activated regions (pain network).</p

The specific contribution of regional GM volumes in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (MNI coordinates, x = 17, y = 43, z = 33) to improved sadness recognition in psychopaths was explained by a negative association in this group (red) but a positive association in controls subjects (green).

<p>The plot displays residual values once covariates were controlled for. The sagittal display corresponds to the right hemisphere.</p

Comparison of fibromyalgia patients with healthy subjects matched for subjective pain levels.

<p>The statistical parametric map (SPM) adjusted for response duration shows the regions where patients receiving 4 kg/cm² of pressure showed greater activation than control subjects receiving 6.8 kg/cm². Display threshold, <i>P</i><0.01, 10 voxels. L indicates left hemisphere. The names of the regions are shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0005224#pone-0005224-t004" target="_blank">Table 4</a>.</p

Brain volumetric correlates of between-group differences in facial emotion recognition of sad, happy and fear expressions.

<p>Brain volumetric correlates of between-group differences in facial emotion recognition of sad, happy and fear expressions.</p

Brain activation maps.

<p>Brain response to 4 kg/cm² of pressure applied on the right thumb. Statistical parametric maps (SPM) are shown adjusted for response duration in fibromyalgia patients (A) and healthy subjects (B), and for stimulus duration in patients (C) and healthy subjects (D). Graphs illustrate the reference function models used in the SPM analysis (i. e., the time course from the somatosensory component averaged across groups in both A an B, and conventional canonical hemodynamic response function in C and D). Display threshold, <i>P</i><0.0005, 20 voxels for all the data. R and L indicate right and left hemispheres. The names of the regions are shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0005224#pone-0005224-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0005224#pone-0005224-t002" target="_blank">2</a>.</p

Tracing of the region of the Sylvian fissure overlaid on three orthogonal projections of a normalized brain.

<p>R indicates right hemisphere.</p