A Delivery Method for Compound Video Playback in Wireless Network

ISPA2006 : International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications , Dec 4-7, 2006 , Sorrento, ItalyIn this paper, we propose a method to realize compound video (multiple videos on a layout)delivery service for mobile terminals. In the proposed method, we introduce proxies which receive multiple videos from corresponding servers and produce a composite video from the received videos in real-time according to the layouts which users specify. However, if users require sets of videos with slightly different layouts, multiple similar composite videos will be generated and the wireless bandwidth will be suppressed to transfer them. So, the proposed method identifies the common part in layouts of user requirements, and transmits to each user a composite video corresponding to the common part and remaining videos. We have developed a greedy algorithm which calculates the set of videos to be transmitted within the available bandwidth, so that the sum of satisfaction degrees of all users is maximized. Through experiments, we confirmed that our method can achieve much higher user satisfaction degrees compared to the case that each user terminal receives multiple videos separately and plays them back in parallel

Cutaneous T-cell-attracting chemokine as a novel biomarker for predicting prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a prospective observational study

[Background] Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrotic lung disease that leads to respiratory failure and death. Although there is a greater understanding of the etiology of this disease, accurately predicting the disease course in individual patients is still not possible. This study aimed to evaluate serum cytokines/chemokines as potential biomarkers that can predict outcomes in IPF patients. [Methods] A multi-institutional prospective two-stage discovery and validation design using two independent cohorts was adopted. For the discovery analysis, serum samples from 100 IPF patients and 32 healthy controls were examined using an unbiased, multiplex immunoassay of 48 cytokines/chemokines. The serum cytokine/chemokine values were compared between IPF patients and controls; the association between multiplex measurements and survival time was evaluated in IPF patients. In the validation analysis, the cytokines/chemokines identified in the discovery analysis were examined in serum samples from another 81 IPF patients to verify the ability of these cytokines/chemokines to predict survival. Immunohistochemical assessment of IPF-derived lung samples was also performed to determine where this novel biomarker is expressed. [Results] In the discovery cohort, 18 cytokines/chemokines were significantly elevated in sera from IPF patients compared with those from controls. Interleukin-1 receptor alpha (IL-1Rα), interleukin-8 (IL-8), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α), and cutaneous T-cell-attracting chemokine (CTACK) were associated with survival: IL-1Rα, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.04 per 10 units, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.01–1.07; IL-8, HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.08; MIP-1α, HR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.00–1.36; and CTACK, HR = 1.12 per 100 units, 95% CI 1.02–1.21. A replication analysis was performed only for CTACK because others were previously reported to be potential biomarkers of interstitial lung diseases. In the validation cohort, CTACK was associated with survival: HR = 1.14 per 100 units, 95% CI 1.01–1.28. Immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of CTACK and CC chemokine receptor 10 (a ligand of CTACK) in airway and type II alveolar epithelial cells of IPF patients but not in those of controls. [Conclusions] CTACK is a novel prognostic biomarker of IPF

セイサイボウ ニ ヨル ラット カン サイボウ ノ ゾウショク セイギョ

京都大学0048新制・論文博士博士(医学)乙第10975号論医博第1786号新制||医||807(附属図書館)UT51-2002-J538(主査)教授 中畑 龍俊, 教授 田中 紘一, 教授 山岡 義生学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDA

Degradation of Aflatoxin B1 during the Fermentation of Alcoholic Beverages

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a contaminant of grain and fruit and has one of the highest levels of carcinogenicity of any natural toxin. AFB1 and the fungi that produce it can also contaminate the raw materials used for beer and wine manufacture, such as corn and grapes. Therefore, brewers must ensure strict monitoring to reduce the risk of contamination. In this study, the fate of AFB1 during the fermentation process was investigated using laboratory-scale bottom and top beer fermentation and wine fermentation. During fermentation, cool wort beer samples and wine must samples were artificially spiked with AFB1 and the levels of AFB1 remaining after fermentation were analyzed. AFB1 levels were unchanged during both types of fermentation used for beer but were reduced to 30% of their initial concentration in wine. Differential analysis of the spiked and unspiked wine samples showed that the degradation compound was AFB2a, a hydrated derivative of AFB1. Thus, the results showed that the risk of AFB1 carryover was still present for both types of beer fermentation but was reduced in the case of wine fermentation because of hydration

Degradation of Aflatoxin B1 during the Fermentation of Alcoholic Beverages

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a contaminant of grain and fruit and has one of the highest levels of carcinogenicity of any natural toxin. AFB1 and the fungi that produce it can also contaminate the raw materials used for beer and wine manufacture, such as corn and grapes. Therefore, brewers must ensure strict monitoring to reduce the risk of contamination. In this study, the fate of AFB1 during the fermentation process was investigated using laboratory-scale bottom and top beer fermentation and wine fermentation. During fermentation, cool wort beer samples and wine must samples were artificially spiked with AFB1 and the levels of AFB1 remaining after fermentation were analyzed. AFB1 levels were unchanged during both types of fermentation used for beer but were reduced to 30% of their initial concentration in wine. Differential analysis of the spiked and unspiked wine samples showed that the degradation compound was AFB2a, a hydrated derivative of AFB1. Thus, the results showed that the risk of AFB1 carryover was still present for both types of beer fermentation but was reduced in the case of wine fermentation because of hydration

<症例>十二指腸原発の悪性リンパ腫と早期胃癌を合併した一例

We report here a 65-year old man with primary duodenal malignant lymphoma combined with gastric lymphoma and early gastric cancer. Malignant lymphoma in the bulbus of the duodenum was suspected of by endoscopic biopsy during follow up of duodenal ulcer. Preoperative examination revealed an extension of malignant lymphoma from the bulbus to the stomach in combination with early gastric cancer. We perfomed a pancreaticoduodenectomy because the tumor invaded to the second portion of the duodenum. The postoperative course was uneventful and he received adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery. To our knowledge, this case is the first report of primary duodenal malignant lymphoma combined with gastric lymphoma and early gastric cancer.消化管原発の悪性リンパ腫のうち十二指腸原発悪性リンパ腫は, 比較的稀である. 早期胃癌を併発した症例は更に少なく, 本邦では文献上二例目である. 今回, 我々は更に胃リンパ腫も合併した非常に稀な症例を経験したのでここに報告する. 症例は65歳の男性. 主訴は上腹部痛. 現病歴は, 三年前に十二指腸潰瘍 stage A1 と診断されその後内視鏡にて経過観察していたが, 今回十二指腸球部に異常を認め, 更に生検にて悪性リンパ腫が疑われたので当科を紹介された. 術前検査にて病巣は, 十二指腸球部を中心に胃粘膜下に浸潤しており, さらに早期胃癌の合併が疑われ開腹, 弊膵十二指腸切除術にて上記が確認された. 今回術前の生検で胃悪性リンパ腫は偽陰性であったが, EUS では悪性リンパ腫に典型的な所見を呈した部位が有り, 病巣の診断に EUS が有効であった. また予後については治癒切除し得たが, Contreary の分類では CLASS III に相当するため術後に化学療法(VEMP療法)を施行した