Geographic distribution of extant and fossil myzopodids and mystacinids and extant Neotropical noctilionoids.

<p>Red stars indicate location of fossil myzopodids localities (North Africa) and mystacinids localities (northern Australia) and red arrows indicate where these families are found today (myzopodids only in Madagascar and mystacinids only in New Zeeland). Extant Neotropical noctilionoids are restricted (red ellipse) to South and Central America, southern North America and the Caribbean.</p

Eocene- Oligocene stratigraphy in the Fayum Depression, Egyptian Western Desert.

<p>The distribution of fossil bats from Quarries I, L-41, and BQ-2 is shown in relation to Fayum magnetostratigraphic polarity zones, epoch and stage boundaries, and correlated radioisotopic dates.</p

Measurements of lower cheek teeth of extant <i>Myzopoda</i> and extinct myzopodid <i>Phasmatonycteris</i>.

<p>Measurements of lower cheek teeth of extant <i>Myzopoda</i> and extinct myzopodid <i>Phasmatonycteris</i>.</p

The bat community of Haiti and evidence for its long-term persistence at high elevations

<div><p>Accurate accounts of both living and fossil mammal communities are critical for creating biodiversity inventories and understanding patterns of changing species diversity through time. We combined data from from14 new fossil localities with literature accounts and museum records to document the bat biodiversity of Haiti through time. We also report an assemblage of late-Holocene (1600–600 Cal BP) bat fossils from a montane cave (Trouing Jean Paul, ~1825m) in southern Haiti. The nearly 3000 chiropteran fossils from Trouing Jean Paul represent 15 species of bats including nine species endemic to the Caribbean islands. The fossil bat assemblage from Trouing Jean Paul is dominated by species still found on Hispaniola (15 of 15 species), much as with the fossil bird assemblage from the same locality (22 of 23 species). Thus, both groups of volant vertebrates demonstrate long-term resilience, at least at high elevations, to the past 16 centuries of human presence on the island.</p></div

List of extant and extinct bats currently known from Madagascar.

<p>List of extant and extinct bats currently known from Madagascar.</p

Upper dentitions of extant <i>Myzopoda</i> species.

<p><i>Myzopoda aurita</i> (AMNH 257130), right maxillary dentition with I1-M3 in occlusal view (A) and in close-up occlusal view of right I1-P4 (C). <i>Myzopoda schliemanni</i> (AMNH 277725), right maxillary dentition with I1-M3 in occlusal view (B) and in close-up occlusal view of right I1-P4 (D). Scale bars equal 1 cm.</p

Lower dentitions of fossil and extant myzopodids.

<p><b>A, </b><i>Phasmatonycteris butleri</i>, CGM 83761, Holotype, right dentary (reversed) with m2-3 in occlusal view; <b>B, </b><i>Myzopoda aurita</i>, Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH) 194176, left dentary with i1-m3 in occlusal view; <b>C, </b><i>Phasmatonycteris phiomensis</i>, YPM 24198, Holotype, left dentary with p3-m3 in occlusal view; <b>D, </b><i>Myzopoda schliemanni</i>, FMNH 187604, right dentary with i1-m3 in occlusal view; <b>E, </b><i>P. phiomensis</i>, YPM 24195, left dentary with m3 in occlusal view; <b>F, </b><i>P. phiomensis</i>, YPM 24196, left dentary with m2 (broken) in occlusal view; <b>G, </b><i>P. phiomensis</i>, YPM 24197, left dentary with m3 in occlusal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.</p

The bat community of Haiti and evidence for its long-term persistence at high elevations - Fig 1

<p><b>Map of the Caribbean (A).</b> Major island groups highlighted as: Greater Antilles = light gray, Lesser Antilles = dark gray, and The Bahamas = black. The inset indicates the island of Hispaniola as reference including the locality of Trouing Jean Paul (B).</p

Bat diversity of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic + Haiti).

<p>Bat diversity of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic + Haiti).</p

Fossil bat species identified in this study from Trouing Jean Paul, Parc National La Visite, Massif de la Selle, Haiti.

<p>Fossil bat species identified in this study from Trouing Jean Paul, Parc National La Visite, Massif de la Selle, Haiti.</p