Correction due to finite speed of light in absolute gravimeters

Correction due to finite speed of light is among the most inconsistent ones in absolute gravimetry. Formulas reported by different authors yield corrections scattered up to 8 $\mu$Gal with no obvious reasons. The problem, though noted before, has never been studied, and nowadays the correction is rather postulated than rigorously proven. In this paper we make an attempt to revise the subject. Like other authors, we use physical models based on signal delays and the Doppler effect, however, in implementing the models we additionally introduce two scales of time associated with moving and resting reflectors, derive a set of rules to switch between the scales, and establish the equivalence of trajectory distortions as obtained from either time delay or distance progression. The obtained results enabled us to produce accurate correction formulas for different types of instruments, and to explain the differences in the results obtained by other authors. We found that the correction derived from the Doppler effect is accountable only for $\frac23$ of the total correction due to finite speed of light, if no signal delays are considered. Another major source of inconsistency was found in the tacit use of simplified trajectory models

Polarization observables in high-energy deuteron photodisintegration within the Quark-Gluon Strings Model

Deuteron two-body photodisintegration is analysed within the framework of the Quark-Gluon Strings Model. The model describes fairly well the recent experimental data from TJNAF in the few GeV region. Angular distributions at different $\gamma$-energies are presented and the effect of a forward-backward asymmetry is discussed. New results from the QGSM for polarization observables from 1.5 -- 6 GeV are presented and compared with the available data.Comment: 3 pages, LaTeX, 4 postscript figures; contribution to QNP2002, Juelich, June 10-14, 200

Nonperturbative Light-Front QCD

In this work the determination of low-energy bound states in Quantum Chromodynamics is recast so that it is linked to a weak-coupling problem. This allows one to approach the solution with the same techniques which solve Quantum Electrodynamics: namely, a combination of weak-coupling diagrams and many-body quantum mechanics. The key to eliminating necessarily nonperturbative effects is the use of a bare Hamiltonian in which quarks and gluons have nonzero constituent masses rather than the zero masses of the current picture. The use of constituent masses cuts off the growth of the running coupling constant and makes it possible that the running coupling never leaves the perturbative domain. For stabilization purposes an artificial potential is added to the Hamiltonian, but with a coefficient that vanishes at the physical value of the coupling constant. The weak-coupling approach potentially reconciles the simplicity of the Constituent Quark Model with the complexities of Quantum Chromodynamics. The penalty for achieving this perturbative picture is the necessity of formulating the dynamics of QCD in light-front coordinates and of dealing with the complexities of renormalization which such a formulation entails. We describe the renormalization process first using a qualitative phase space cell analysis, and we then set up a precise similarity renormalization scheme with cutoffs on constituent momenta and exhibit calculations to second order. We outline further computations that remain to be carried out. There is an initial nonperturbative but nonrelativistic calculation of the hadronic masses that determines the artificial potential, with binding energies required to be fourth order in the coupling as in QED. Next there is a calculation of the leading radiative corrections to these masses, which requires our renormalization program. Then the real struggle of finding the right extensions to perturbation theory to study the strong-coupling behavior of bound states can begin.Comment: 56 pages (REVTEX), Report OSU-NT-94-28. (figures not included, available via anaonymous ftp from pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu in subdirectory pub/infolight/qcd

THE MODERN APPROACH TO PLANNING A CONCERNED THERAPY AT THE TAKING OF PATHOLOGICAL SURFACES OF CHILDHOOD AND SHIHE SKIN

The interest of the population in the formation of scalp and neck is due to the increasing prevalence of this disease among the population. The idea of a differential diagnosis of abnormal head and neck scars, which exist at the present stage, contradict each other. In plastic surgery, knowledge about the methods of prevention, diagnosis and adequate treatment of pathological scars is of particular importance, since pathological scars are difficult to treat, affect the psycho-emotional background of the patient and the quality of life in general. This work is devoted to the prevention and preparation for the surgical removal of pathological scars (hypertrophic and keloid) in the maxillofacial area. The examination was performed on 150 patients with pathological scarring of the head and neck after burns, injuries and inflammatory processes. The complex approach to the solution of this urgent problem with the consideration of the main anatomic-functional features and clinical and aesthetic evaluation of deformations is presented. The schemes of a rational combination of different methods of correction for the formed and unformed scar deformations are described. The complex of rehabilitation measures includes a number of physical, medical and mechanical factors of influence on the tissues of the face, as well as indications for the implementation of certain operational methods. In addition to surgical methods for the treatment of pathological scars, effective therapeutic methods are presented in the work: physiotherapy, cryodestruction, compression bandages, hormonal and enzyme therapy, Bukki-therapy, KO-therapy, mechanical ventilation therapy, as well as dermabrasion and peeling. Our experience has allowed to accumulate and evaluate the results of rehabilitation in the immediate and distant terms after injuries and operations

Analysis of Background and Development of Technological Principles of Milk Processing by Coupsulation

It was proved that milk possesses unique potential as a raw material. It was determined that the most effective way of using the potential of dairy raw materials, in particular the potential of calcium ions, is application of a technical solution for preparation of encapsulated forms of dairy raw material based on sodium alginate. This process was realized by the principle of drop extrusion of the dairy raw material through air into solution of a high molecular polyelectrolyte, such as sodium alginate compound. It was confirmed that the calcium potential of the "milk" system is low-dynamic and inefficient. It has been established that activation of this potential is possible both by reducing pH of the "milk" system during fermentation and blending it with the "whey" system. It has been revealed that blending of milk and whey with emergence of a new "milk-whey" system having the necessary concentration of calcium ions does not affect colloidal stability of milk. On the other hand, it provides the "milk" system with a highly effective low-energy potential in a form of potential of calcium ions which effectively realize the encapsulation process. It was substantiated that the open technological "milk" system can be transformed to the "milk-whey" system with a limited availability in an encapsulated form and hence with a minimized influence of perturbing factors, that is, with an increased controllability of the technological processes. It has been experimentally confirmed that blending of the "milk" and "whey" systems in a 70:30 ratio is a prerequisite for accumulation of a critical concentration of ionic calcium (24‒25 mg %). This ensures production of encapsulated products with a regular spherical shape. At the same time, this ratio of components does not significantly affect the mixture pH which is also an important criterion for realization of the encapsulation process. A model of processing milk by encapsulation has been developed. It was proved that the developed approach makes it possible to realize the potential of milk with obtaining of food products featuring new consumer properties