ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN EFISIENSI BANK UMUM SYARIAH (BUS) DAN UNIT USAHA SYARIAH (UUS) DENGAN METODE STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS (PERIODE 2005-2009)

This research purpose to analyze production efficiency of Islamic banking industry in Indonesia, especially Sharia Commercial bank (BUS) and Sharia Business Unit. Efficiency is a parameter for measuring banking performance. There are 9 Islamic banks which used as samples of this research and divided into two groups of banks, 3 BUS and 6 UUS. This Research use Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) methods to measure the efficiency of Indonesian banking in BUS and UUS. The result of SFA that appear in the form of a score between 0-1, closer to 1 it means a bank more efficient. Variables were chosen based on the intermediation analysis. Input variables in this research are total deposits, operational expenses, and other operational expenses, and the output variable is total financing as the main product of Islamic banking. In order To know the difference of efficiency level of each bank, we used independent sample t- test. The analysis using SFA showing that during 2005-2009 the efficiency of BUS and UUS always increase with the average efficiency 0.976207 for BUS and 0.969280 for UUS. This is showing that BUS in Indonesia better than UUS in efficiency with the BUS efficiency more optimum in total financing during 2005- 2009. The average of BUS efficiency and UUS position in 0,9 of efficiency range level show that BUS and UUS in Indonesia has reach the efficiency level even not until the full of efficiency or 1. Based on the panel to know the impact of input variables to output variable found that total deposits and operational expenses has positif and significant impact to total financing, while other operational expenses has positif impact but not significant to total financing. Finding of independent sample t-test analysis showing that there is no difference in efficiency level between BUS and UUS

Dampak Implementasi Environmental Goods (EGS) List Terhadap Kinerja Perdagangan Indonesia

Preparation of Environmental Goods list (EGs) and its implementation plan in international trade among APEC members will have impact on trade flows to the economics of its member, including Indonesia. This analysis aims to determine the potential impact that will be faced by Indonesias trade performance. This analysis used a Gravity model on 54 EGs products with GDP, value of imports, the distance and tariffs as variable. The analysis showed that GDP, value of imports and tariffs significantly affect Indonesian exports and imports, while distance has no significant effect either on export or import of Indonesia. Of the 48 products which can be processed, 38 products EGS will impact to increase Indonesias imports better rather than other APEC member, which in turn will lead trade balance into deficit. 10 products, providing the possibility of increasing Indonesian exports to APEC. Overall, EGS product is manufactured products produced by developed countries, so the elimination of tariffs provide less incentive for domestic producers to increase production to meet domestic and foreign demand. Indonesia should have initiative to create and strengthen domestic industries that are environmentally friendly, facilitating investment, deregulation of the domestic private sector to build and increase productivity. Keywords : APEC, Environmental Goods list, Indonesia trade performance Penyusunan Environmental Goods list (EGs) dan rencana implementasinya dalam perdagangan internasional antar negara APEC akan membawa dampak pada arus perdagangan yang selanjutnya pada perekonomian masing-masing anggota, termasuk Indonesia. Analisis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak potensial yang dihadapi Indonesia dengan diimplementasikannya EGs list terhadap kinerja perdagangan. Analisis ini menggunakan Gravity model pada 54 produk EGs dengan variabel PDB, nilai impor, jarak dan tarif bea masuk. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa PDB, nilai impor dan tarif signifikan mempengaruhi ekspor dan impor Indonesia akan produk EGs, sedangkan jarak tidak berpengaruh signifikan baik terhadap ekspor maupun impor Indonesia. Dari 48 produk, yang dapat diolah, 38 produk EGs akan memberikan dampak pada meningkatnya impor Indonesia dari anggota APEC lainnya, yang pada akhirnya akan menyebabkan neraca perdagangan menjadi defisit. Sepuluh produk akan memberikan dampak kemungkinan terjadi peningkatan ekspor Indonesia ke negara APEC. Secara keseluruhan, produk EGs merupakan produk manufaktur yang dihasilkan oleh negara maju, sehingga penurunan tarif kurang memberikan insentif bagi produsen domestik untuk meningkatkan produksi dalam memenuhi permintaan domestik maupun asing. Indonesia harus memiliki inisiatif untuk menciptakan dan memperkuat industri domestik yang ramah lingkungan, memfasilitasi investasi, deregulasi untuk membangun sektor swasta domestik dan peningkatan produktivitas. Kata kunci: APEC, EGs list, Neraca Perdagangan Indonesi