Evaluasi Kondisi Hutan Berdasarkan Keragaman Kumbang Sungut Panjang (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) 1 Di Kawasan Gunung Slamet [Evaluation of Forest Conditions Based on Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambyddae) Fauna in Mount Slamet]

Evaluation of forest conditions using longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) fauna have been carried out at 3 parts of Mt. Slamet which are, northern part through Guci, southern part through Kalipagu, Baturraden and easthern part through Bambangan. In northern parts, research activities were conducted at about 1200-2500m above sea level (m.asl.), in southern part, research activities was conducted at about 700-1000m m.asl and in eastern part research activities was conducted at about 1500-2400m asl.Out of the 37 species of longhorn beetles were collected during this research, dominated by Sybra fuscotriangularis (55 specimens). The longhorn beetles collected in southern part, indicated lowest individual number (36 spesimen) but indicating hightest species number. In the contrary, the highest number of spesimens collected but lowest species number (10 species) was collected in the eastern part, while in northern part, it was collected 86 individu (17 species).The species compositions and the number of individuals of longhorn beetles collected from each parts (northern, southern and easthern part) were different with specific groups. Longhorn beetles species collected from secondary forest was similar to the primary forest.Distribution pattern of longhorn beetles in Mt. Slamet indicated that some forest species were found at certain altitude such as Batocera spp and Gnoma thomsoni which only found at 700-1000m asl. The forest area which this altitute (700-1000m asl.) was located at the southern part of Mt Slamet (Kalipagu, Baturraden) where known as the main support of water reservoir for electric power and seven spout water (Pancuran Tujuh). Thus this area has to be conserved from illegal logging and human activities

Stuktur Komunitas Fauna Kumbang Sungut Panjang (Coleoptera: Cerambicidae) Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai

Community Structure of Longicorn Beetles Fauna (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)At Gunung Ciremai National Park. Longicorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)are useful for assessment of recovery of forest insect fauna, because mostly speciesfeed on woody plants and are expected to increase in number and diversity along withdevelopment of the forest. The longicorn beetles were collected at the Gunung CiremaiNational Park (GCNP) area, at Apuy track (Western part of GCNP) during three weeksin April 2006 and Linggarjati track (Eastern part of GCNP) also during three weeks inMay-June 2007. These beetles were collected by Malaise, Light, Artocarpus branchtraps (Bundled twigs of jack fruits tied onto a tree stem) and active collecting by sweeping,beating and handling methods. The specimens collected totally 184 individu, (38 species)which 12 species were noted found at Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP)distributed at 1000-1300 meter above sea level.In the research we found Acalolepta rusticatrix, Epepeotes luscus and Pterolophiamelanura that known as a common species of Cerambycid or longhorn beetles inKalimantan and Java, were found in the research activities, caused these species foundat many places including at Bogor Botanical Garden. In GCNP, we did not find Nyctimeniusochraceovittata as indicator for relatively less disturbed forest in Kalimantan, otherwisewe find Nyctimenius varicornis mostly find in all study site at GCNP, that is possible asindicator for relatively less disturbed forest in Java. In GCNP, we find Gnoma longicollisas a cerambycid beetle for natural forest indicator. In the paper show the comparativediversity study between traps (collecting methods) and study site (habitat and altitude)

Pengaruh Ketinggian Dan Habitat Terhadap Keragaman Kumbang Koprofagus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Di Jalur Pendakian Apuy Dan Linggarjati, Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai

The influence of altitude and habitat to Coprophagous beetles diversity (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)at two site (Apuy and Linggarjati) of Gunung Ciremai National Park. As a newNational Park, the data about insects diversity from Gunung Ciremai and surrounding areas arelack especially about the influence of altitude and habitat to Coprophagous beetles.Coprophagous beetles is important to the ecological process related to nutrient cycling andsoil aeration, dispersal of seeds deficated by frugivorous and phoretic mites. The mostimportance the coprofagous beetles was very sensitive to environment or habitat changesespecially the vertebrate where they live within. Coprophagous beetles as forest indicatorcause of their behaviors and primary correlated with the population of the vertebrate faunas inhabitat conditions. This study aims to know the impact of altitude and habitat to thecoprophagoes beetles community in two forest areas (Apuy and Linggarjati), Gunung CiremaiNational Park. Totally 15 species (1089 specimens) of coprophagoes beetles collected byhuman dung traps and dominated by Onthophagus luridipennis (603 specimens)

Fluktuasi Curah Hujan Dan Komunitas Serangga Di Hutan Tropis Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun*[fluctuation of Rainfall and Insect Community in a Tropical Forest, Gunung Halimun National Park]

Study on fluctuation of rainfall and insect community was conducted in a tropical forest, Gunung Halimun National Park. Ten years rainfall data was available to discuss their fluctuations. Rainfall was relatively non-seasonal with high number of almost entire monthly rainfalls.Although fluctuation of rainfall in GHNP did not show clear seasonal trend, however appearance of less rainfall showed from June to September. There were several slight fluctuations in the number of rainfalls from a month to another and some time showed major and minor peaks. Monthly dry months had never reached 0 mm. In ordinary years, only one-month drought occurred in July 1991 (90 mm) and December 2000 (8 mm). Strong drought occurred only during El Nino of 1994 and 1997, which have 3 to 4 dry months. Fluctuation of insect community was studied from March 2000 up to February 2001. Two insect collection methods were applied by setting up light traps and pitfall traps. Total individual of each order of insect counted monthly and to be compared one to another. Changing the number of monthly individual of each order was interpreted to the number of monthly rainfall in order to analyze the relation of changing of the number of rainfall and the individual of each order of the insect collected. Fluctuation of the number of monthly rainfall was synchronous to the number of insect community collected by light traps (night flying insect) but tend to opposite to the number of insect collected by pitfall traps (ground insect)

Morfologi Mulut Dan Saluran Pencernaan Serangga Pemakan Tumbuhan Dan Pemangsa

Walaupun diketahui bahwa makanan serangga menentukan berbagai bentuk mulut dan saluran pencemaannya, hubungan keanekaragaman jenis makanan dan keanekaragaman fungsi dan bentuk mulut seita saluran makanan belum banyak diketahui.Padahal pengetahuan ini mempunyai segi terapan yang beiguna, misalnya dalam membantu menentukan peranan serangga di suatu lingkungan. Kekhasan modifikasi bagian-bagian mulut diharapkan dapat dipakai untuk mencirikan kelompok pemiliknya. Dalam tahap permulaan penelitian morfologi mulut dan saluran pencernaan dilakukan terhadap serangga bermulut pengunyah dan penusuk-pengisap tumbuhan .serta mangsa. Hasil yang diperoleh dimaksudkan untuk menambah data mengenai bagian-bagian mulut dan saluran pencernaan (Snodgrass l935;Metcalf etal. 1962; Nasution 1972) danmenambah data yang dapat digunakan untuk membedakan serangga pemakan tumbuhan dari pemangsa

Morfologi Sistem Pencernaan Beberapa Jenis Coleoptera Perombak Kayu Lapuk

Pada dasarnya tipe mulut serangga dibagi menjadi 2 golongan besar yaitu tipe pengunyah dan tipe pengisap (Boiror & De Long 1954).Mulut bertipe pengunyah ditandai dengan mandibula kuat yang dapat digerakkan ke samping. Mulut bertipe pengisap telah mengalami variasi dan modifikasi sehingga berbentuk pipa pengisap.Salah satu kelompok besar serangga yang sangat beranekaragam ialah kumbang atau Coleoptera.Walaupun beranekaragam, semua Coleoptera mempunyai bagian mulut yang berfungsi sebagai pengunyah.Berdasarkan perbedaan makanannya, bentuk terperinci bagian-bagian mulut dan saluran pencernaan pemakan tumbuhan berbeda dari pemakan binatang.Perincian perbedaan pada Coleoptera masih belum banyak diungkapkan.Untuk menambah data umum yang telah diperoleh (Snodgrass1935,' Borror & De Long 1954, Imms 1957,Metcalf & Flint 1962),dilakukan pengamatan morfologi terhadap beberapa jenis Coleoptera pemakan kayu lapuk

Serangga Pengunjung Kacang Panjang (Vigna Unguiculata)

Sekalipun kacang panjang (Vigna unguiculata} meiupakan tanaman sayuran penting,hal ikhwal serangga pengunjungnya, baik yang menguntungkan maupun yang merugikan, belum banyak diungkapkan (Kalshoven et al. 1951). Keterangan mengenai keanekaragaman jenis serangga pengunjung,hubungan tingkat umui tanaman dengan jenis serangga pengunjung, bagian tanaman yang dikunjungi serta peranan dan fungsi masing-masing jenis, pengaruh musim terhadap kehadiran serangga pengunjung kacang panjang belum banyak dipelajari.Oleh karena itu, penanganan terhadap serangga yang berpengaruh langsung atau tidak langsung terhadap kehidupan kacang panjang belum dapat dilakukan dengan pasti. Di negara lain seperti Nigeria (Singh 1975; Ayoade 1975) dan Tanzania (Kayumbo 1975) penelitian hama kacang panjang sudah agak lanjut.untuk melengkapi data biologi serangga pengunjung kacang panjang di Indonesia serangkaian penelitian yang dilaporkan berikut ini telah dilakukan