21,332 research outputs found
Chiral Corrections to the Hyperon Vector Form Factors
We present the complete calculation of the SU(3)-breaking corrections to the
hyperon vector form factors up to O(p^4) in the Heavy Baryon Chiral
Perturbation Theory. Because of the Ademollo-Gatto theorem, at this order the
results do not depend on unknown low energy constants and allow to test the
convergence of the chiral expansion. We complete and correct previous
calculations and find that O(p^3) and O(1/M_0) corrections are important. We
also study the inclusion of the decuplet degrees of freedom, showing that in
this case the perturbative expansion is jeopardized. These results raise doubts
on the reliability of the chiral expansion for hyperons.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, v2: published versio
A marker suitable for sex-typing birds from degraded samples
A new primer set was developed for sex-typing
birds, Z37B. This primer set was designed to amplify alleles
of small size to render it suitable for sex-typing degraded
samples, including shed feathers. This marker
successfully sex-typed 50 % of the species tested, including
passerines, shorebirds, rails, seabirds, eagles and the
brown kiwi Apteryx australis (allele size range
=81â103 bp), and is therefore expected to be suitable for
sex-typing a wide range of species. Z37B sex-typed nondegraded
samples (blood), degraded tissue (dead unhatched
embryos, dead nestlings and museum specimens) and
samples of low quantity DNA (plucked feathers and buccal
swabs). The small amplicon sizes in birds suggest that this
marker will be of utility for sex-typing feathers, swabs and
degraded samples from a wide range of avian species
Lattice study of semileptonic form factors with twisted boundary conditions
We apply twisted boundary conditions to lattice QCD simulations of
three-point correlation functions in order to access spatial components of
hadronic momenta different from the integer multiples of 2 pi / L. We calculate
the vector and scalar form factors relevant to the K -> pi semileptonic decay
and consider all the possible ways of twisting one of the quark lines in the
three-point functions. We show that the momentum shift produced by the twisted
boundary conditions does not introduce any additional noise and easily allows
to determine within a few percent statistical accuracy the form factors at
quite small values of the four-momentum transfer, which are not accessible when
periodic boundary conditions are considered. The use of twisted boundary
conditions turns out to be crucial for a precise determination of the form
factor at zero-momentum transfer, when a precise lattice point sufficiently
close to zero-momentum transfer is not accessible with periodic boundary
conditions.Comment: latex 15 pages, 4 figures and 3 tables; modified intro and
discussions of the results; version to appear in PR
Different forms of the bovine PrP gene have five or six copies of a short, G-C-rich element within the protein-coding exon
Current models of the virus-like agents of scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) have to take into account that structural changes in a host-encoded protein (PrP protein) exhibit an effect on the time course of these diseases and the survival time of any man or animal exposed to these pathogens. We report here the sequence of different forms of the bovine PrP gene which contain either five or six copies of a short, G-C-rich element which encodes the octapeptide Pro-His-Gly-Gly-Gly-Trp-Gly-Gln or its longer variants Pro-Gln/His-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Trp-Gly-Gln. Out of 12 cattle, we found eight animals homozygous for genes with six copies of the Gly-rich peptide (6:6), while four were heterozygous (6:5). Two confirmed cases of BSE occurred in (6: 6) homozygous animals. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a transmissible disease (Fraser et al., 1988; Dawson et al., 1990; Barlow & Middleton, 1990) which produces neuropathological lesions in cattle similar to those seen in ovine scrapie (Wells et al., 1987) and the rare human dementias Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Gerstmann-Str/iussler syndrome (GSS) (Beck & Daniel, 1987). A cellular membrane protein (PrP) has a key role in the transmission and development of these diseases. This protein accumulates in the brain and other tissues during the protracted time course of these diseases and, in a disease-specific, protease-resistant isoform (SAF-PrP), has been purified by subcellular fractionation of scrapie
Vector form factor in K_l3 semileptonic decay with two flavors of dynamical domain-wall quarks
We calculate the vector form factor in K \to \pi l \nu semileptonic decays at
zero momentum transfer f_+(0) from numerical simulations of two-flavor QCD on
the lattice. Our simulations are carried out on 16^3 \times 32 at a lattice
spacing of a \simeq 0.12 fm using a combination of the DBW2 gauge and the
domain-wall quark actions, which possesses excellent chiral symmetry even at
finite lattice spacings. The size of fifth dimension is set to L_s=12, which
leads to a residual quark mass of a few MeV. Through a set of double ratios of
correlation functions, the form factor calculated on the lattice is accurately
interpolated to zero momentum transfer, and then is extrapolated to the
physical quark mass. We obtain f_+(0)=0.968(9)(6), where the first error is
statistical and the second is the systematic error due to the chiral
extrapolation. Previous estimates based on a phenomenological model and chiral
perturbation theory are consistent with our result. Combining with an average
of the decay rate from recent experiments, our estimate of f_+(0) leads to the
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element |V_{us}|=0.2245(27), which is
consistent with CKM unitarity. These estimates of f_+(0) and |V_{us}| are
subject to systematic uncertainties due to the finite lattice spacing and
quenching of strange quarks, though nice consistency in f_+(0) with previous
lattice calculations suggests that these errors are not large.Comment: 23 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables, RevTeX4; v3: one table added, results
and conclusions unchanged, final version to appear in Phys.Rev.
Catalogue of 12CO(J=1-0) and 13CO(J=1-0) Molecular Clouds in the Carina Flare Supershell
We present a catalogue of 12CO(J=1-0) and 13CO(J=1-0) molecular clouds in the
spatio-velocity range of the Carina Flare supershell, GSH 287+04-17. The data
cover a region of ~66 square degrees and were taken with the NANTEN 4m
telescope, at spatial and velocity resolutions of 2.6' and 0.1 km/s.
Decomposition of the emission results in the identification of 156 12CO clouds
and 60 13CO clouds, for which we provide observational and physical parameters.
Previous work suggests the majority of the detected mass forms part of a
comoving molecular cloud complex that is physically associated with the
expanding shell. The cloud internal velocity dispersions, degree of
virialization and size-linewidth relations are found to be consistent with
those of other Galactic samples. However, the vertical distribution is heavily
skewed towards high-altitudes. The robust association of high-z molecular
clouds with a known supershell provides some observational backing for the
theory that expanding shells contribute to the support of a high-altitude
molecular layer.Comment: To be published in PASJ Vol. 60, No. 6. (Issued on December 25th
2008). 35 pages (including 13 pages of tables), 7 figures. Please note that
formatting problems with the journal macro result in loss of rightmost data
columns in some long tables. These will be fixed in the final published
issue. In the meantime, please contact the authors for missing dat
A Complete Atlas of HI Absorption toward HII Regions in the Southern Galactic Plane Survey (SGPS1)
We present a complete catalog of H I emission and absorption spectrum pairs,
toward H II regions, detectable within the boundaries of the Southern Galactic
Plane Survey (SGPS I), a total of 252 regions. The catalog is presented in
graphical, numerical and summary formats. We demonstrate an application of this
new dataset through an investigation of the locus of the Near 3kpc Arm.Comment: Accepted for publication by ApJS Feb 6, 2014. Data files and Figure
Set (252 images) to appear in the on-line version of the journa
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