GREEN SYNTHESIS BY HETEROGENOUS CATALYSIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF 1,3-DIOXOLANE

We are interested in the synthesis of 1,3-dioxolanes which are part of the skeletons of a large variety of organic molecules which gives them very interesting applications in the biological and industrial fields. The green synthesis of these heterocycles is carried out by condensation of diols and carbonyl compounds under various pressures, in the presence or in the absence of solvent and in the presence of acidic solids such as layred clays and acid activated clays

CONDENSATION OF CARBONYL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND MONOSACCHARIDES IN BIOACTIVE HETEROCYCLES IN HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS LIQUID SYSTEMS

Heterocycles are ubiquitous in nature and occupy a unique place in organic chemistry because they are part of the DNA and hemoglobin that make life possible. The chemistry of heterocycles covers an introduction to the subject. Three, four or five-membered heterocycles are abundantly present in various natural and synthetic products of pharmacological importance. This article review describes the synthesis, chemical reactivity in homogeneous and heterogeneous liquid systems and their medicinal importance. This class of compounds is present in the form of substructures in penicillin and cytotoxic taxol. Finally, we did a little research on the synthesis, chemical reactivity and pharmacological importance of monosaccharides in the synthesis of heterocycles

SELECTIVE CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS AND ETHYLENE GLYCOL INTO 1,3-DIOXOLANES

The catalytic production of value added products from biomass are growing an interest in a large number of industriel process. Therefore, biomass derived ethylene glycol can be directly used as chemicals or precursors to produce renewable chemicals. Thus, the acetalization of ethylene glycol to cyclic dioxolane has many applications in fragrance, cosmetics, food and beverage additives and pharmaceuticals. These products could be obtained by acid catalyzed reaction of ethylene glycol with aldehydes and ketones. Application of different supported heterogeneous catalysts such as clays, zeolites, ion exchange resins has been comprehensively evaluated in this field. In this review, the acetalization of ethylene glycol has been reported, focusing on innovative and potential technologies for the sustainable production of dioxolanes

DESIGN OF HETEROGENOUS CATALYSIS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS

Heterogeneous catalysts is a key tool for the development of efficient, economically interesting and ecologically compatible synthesis processes. Indeed, heterogeneous catalysts have appeared as a green alternative including natural aluminosilicates such as clay mineral and zeolite to conventional homogeneous catalysts, because they are easily separated by simple filtration and can be recovered and reused. In this review, we critically discuss the structural features of these various types of solid catalysts and their applications in organic synthesis

USE OF ALUMINOSILICATES SUCH AS ACID - ACTIVATED CLAYS AS SOLID CATALYSTS FOR THE REACTIVITY OF THE VARIOUS CARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN HETEROCYCLIC SYNTHESIS

The heterocyclic compounds, in particular the heterocycles containing five, six and seven members, are the the most abundant of which are an incredibly diverse and large class of ubiquitous molecules that occur in a variety of synthetic drugs, bioactive natural products, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Due to the glorious past and impressive present of biologically active heterocyclic scaffolding, these skeletons have long been the subject of immense interest. Therefore, substantial efforts have been made development of new and innovative synthesis strategies for the synthesis of these heterocycles involving use of different metallic catalysts, organic and inorganic reagents, etc. Among the different types of metals catalysts used, iron-based catalysts are among the cheapest and most readily available. In recent times, several new an innovative synthesis catalyzed by catalysts based on aluminosilicates, heterocycles of diversity at the forefront of the literature by the scientific community. This review highlights advances produced up to now by solid catalysts based on aluminosilicates such as clays activated by acids, zeolites, montomorillonite K10 ... for the synthesis of different assemblies of small heterocycles covering these last years

PRINCIPALES VOIES DE CONVERSION CATALYTIQUE DE GLYCEROL EN ADDITIFS DE CARBURANTS

La nature fait l’objet d’intenses recherches scientifiques, Elle consiste un généreux champ de produits à diverse propriétés thérapeutiques, pharmaceutiques, cosmétiques et biologiques. En effet, le glycérol étant un sous produit de transestérification d’huiles végétales, joue un rôle primordial dans diverses applications industrielles et aussi un bon candidat pour l’industrie de biodiesel. Le fort approvisionnement énergétique requis par la société actuelle pour mener à bien son activité économique et industrielle conduit à un épuisement imminent des ressources fossiles et, par conséquent, à une forte escalade des prix. En outre, l'utilisation anthropique de ces ressources a augmenté de façon inquiétante les émissions de gaz à effet de serre ainsi que d'autres ayant des effets néfastes sur la santé (GIEC, 2019). En réponse internationale à cette préoccupation, le protocole de Kyoto a été signé en 1997, marquant une étape importante dans la mise en place de nouvelles politiques et de nouveaux cadres pour encourager l'utilisation des énergies renouvelables

LES PHTHALOCYANINES : SYNTHESES ET PROPRIETES

L'une des nouvelles applications les plus importantes des dérivés de phthalocyanine est leur application en médecine pour le traitement des tumeurs malignes. Les phthalocyanines sont des macrocycles aromatiques plans formés par quatre groupements iso-indoles liés en position 1-3 par un pont azone, est formée par 18 électrons π délocalisés sur ces macrocycle qui leur confère des propriétés physique unique, Les Phthalocyanines ont la réputation d’être stable chimiquement et thermiquement. La forte stabilité de certaines phthalocyanines constitue l’un des atouts incontournables pour les applications technologiques de ces molécules

PIROXICAM BASED MICROSPHERES: AN OVERVIEW OF NEW FORMULATIONS FOR THE DRUG CONTROLLED RELEASE

Piroxicam (PRX) is classified as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and is a poorly water-soluble polymorphic drug. Several controlled release systems have been developed to enhance its solubility and consequently minimize its adverse side effects. Hence, different processes and coats were employed and tested to modify the drug release and improve the drug therapeutic activity. This review is intended to mention the prepared piroxicam controlled release microspheres in the past decade. The purpose is to present the methods of the PRX devices elaboration and their interest in drug delivery and activity

LES DERIVES D’INDOLES EN ACTIVITES ANTI-TUMORALE

Les indoles constituent des systèmes cycliques hétérocycliques largement explorés avec une large gamme d'applications telles que le cancer, l'inflammation, la dépression, la migraine, l'hypertension, L’architecture moléculaire intéressante de l’indole fait de lui un candidat approprié pour le développement des médicaments

NOUVEAU REARRANGEMENT DE N-ACYL-2,2-DIMETHYLAZIRIDINES SUR GEL DE SILICE

Le gel de silice se comporte comme acide de Lewis vis-à-vis de N-acyl-2,2- diméthylaziridines 1. Dans ces conditions, 1 se fragmente en l’ylure d’oxaméthine 1’ le plus stable qui se transforme ensuite en N-méthallylamides 2, oxazolines 3 et amidoalcools 4.In the presence of silica gel, N-acyl-2,2-dimethylaziridines 1 rearranged to methallylamides 2, oxazolines 3 and amidoalcohols 4. Silica acted as a Lewis acid leading to the most stable oxamethine ylide 1’ which envolved into a mixture of. 2, 3 and 4