EPA-coated titanium implants promote osteoconduction in white New Zealand rabbits

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-coated Ti implants on osteoconduction in white New Zealand rabbit mandibles. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sandblasted and cleansed planar titanium specimens with a size of 5 × 5 × 1 mm were coated on one side with 0.25 vol% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The other side of the specimens was kept highly polished (the control side). These specimens were inserted in rabbit mandibles. Twelve rabbits were randomly assigned into three study groups (n = 4). The rabbits were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The harvested specimens with the implants were assessed for new bone formation on both sides of the implant using CBCT, conventional radiographs, and the biaxial pullout test. The results were statistically analyzed by a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman's test as multiple comparisons and by Brunner-Langer nonparametric mixed model approach (R Software). RESULTS: A significant osteoconductive bone formation was found on the EPA-coated Ti implant surface (P < 0.05) at 8 weeks when compared to the polished surface (control). Biaxial pullout test results showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) after 8 and 12 weeks with a maximum force of 243.8 N, compared to 143.25 N after 4 week. CONCLUSION: EPA implant coating promoted osteoconduction on the Ti implant surfaces, enhancing the anchorage of the implant to the surrounding bone in white New Zealand rabbits

Wound healing activity of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) extract (water and ethanol) on human oral fibroblast cells (in vitro)

Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) plant has many health beneficial effects such as anti-microbial, anti-fungal and anti-cancer effects. In the current study, the wound healing activity of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) extract is being tested on oral fibroblast cell line. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) is extracted using Soxhlet extraction method via two mediums water and ethanol to assess and compare the difference between the activities of both extracts; if present. After the extraction procedure, the extracts were tested for their biological activity using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to determine the safety and dosage of the extract to be administered onto the oral fibroblast cells. Then, the wound healing assay is carried out to test the activity of both water and ethanol flaxseed extract on oral fibroblast cells. The results revealed that both water and ethanol extract have high wound healing activity against oral fibroblast cell line where ethanolic extract shows slightly higher activity in healing on oral fibroblast wounds (in vitro). One-way ANNOVA was carried out with post-Hoc Turkey test where the P value of compared variables was found to be < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. Based on the results obtained; it could be concluded, that flaxseed extract has a potential wound healing activity as the results shows high wound healing activity on oral fibroblast cell line

Early Management of Dental Trauma in the Era of COVID-19

Traumatic dental injuries are emergencies that must be treated promptly and properly to reduce the suffering, costs, and time for patients and parents. However, since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020, most dental care facilities in the affected countries have been completely closed or have been only providing emergency treatment. This can partly be a result of the lack of universal protocol or guidelines regulating the dental care provision during such a pandemic, especially in the management of dental trauma. This lack of guidelines has the potential to both promote the spread of nosocomial COVID-19 through oral health care facilities and deny people in need of immediate treatment. Moreover, ceasing dental care provision during such a period will incense the burden on hospitals’ emergency departments that are already struggling with the pandemic. Therefore, this chapter elaborates on the importance of early management of dental trauma by sharing local guidelines and experience with a proposed algorithm for the early management of dental trauma during the emergence of COVID-19

Clinical assessment and morphological changes of minor salivary glands in patients with secondary Sjogren’s Syndrome

Aim: To study the labial salivary gland biopsy fi ndings and to assess the clinical condition of the patients with secondary Sjogren’s syndrome patients. Material and methods: Fifty-six patients were involved in this study,full history was taken and complete clinical examination was done for the period of 15 months duration. Schirmer’s tear test, salivary fl ow rate were done for all patients. Labial salivary gland biopsy was performed and sent for histopathological study. Results: Schirmer’s tear test was positive with signifi cant reduction in the tear fl ow (P ≤ 0.01), in all patients . A signifi cant reduction in the salivary fl ow rate (p<0.01) in all patients .Clinical assessment showed parotid gland enlargement in 8 patients. Intraoral examination revealed a candidal infection in four patients. The histopathologic study for labial salivary gland biopsy showed a chronic infl ammatory process with lymphocytic infi ltration, acinar atrophy and proliferation of the ductal epithelium which obliterate the duct lumen. Conclusion: Patients with secondary Sjogren’s syndrome proved by labial salivary gland biopsy had a signifi cantly greater frequency to parotid gland enlargement and susceptibility to fungal infection

The potential effect of different types of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) extract on the cell viability of oral fibroblasts human cell line

Herbal medication and natural products have been successfully demonstrated to have general health beneficial effects. The bioactivities of flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) extract have been reported, as previous studies have shown that l. usitatissimum extract has many health and beneficial effects such as antimicrobial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. L. usitatissimum extract makes a great skin wound healing agent in addition to that it has good effect on the oral cavity in treating ulcers and general oral health benefits. L. usitatissimum is extracted using ethanol in three different concentration via soxhlet method, gas chromatography mass spectrum (GC-MS) is used to illustrate the components of l. usitatissimum extract. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay is used to assess the oral fibroblasts cell viability in three different time lines. The results illustrate the major component present in l. usitatissimum extract and the effect of the different ethanol concentrations of flaxseed extract on oral fibroblasts human cell line. L. usitatissimum extract show proliferating effect, the 70% flaxseed ethanolic extract produced the highest proliferating effect on fibroblast cells at 24 hours followed by 100% followed by 90% ethanol flaxseed extract, at 48 hours and 72 hours 100% ethanoic extract produced the highest proliferating effect followed by 70% then 90% ethanol flaxseed extract. The results show proliferating effect by l. usitatissimum extract on human oral fibroblast cell line