37,309 research outputs found
Compression of Deep Neural Networks on the Fly
Thanks to their state-of-the-art performance, deep neural networks are
increasingly used for object recognition. To achieve these results, they use
millions of parameters to be trained. However, when targeting embedded
applications the size of these models becomes problematic. As a consequence,
their usage on smartphones or other resource limited devices is prohibited. In
this paper we introduce a novel compression method for deep neural networks
that is performed during the learning phase. It consists in adding an extra
regularization term to the cost function of fully-connected layers. We combine
this method with Product Quantization (PQ) of the trained weights for higher
savings in storage consumption. We evaluate our method on two data sets (MNIST
and CIFAR10), on which we achieve significantly larger compression rates than
state-of-the-art methods
Strengthening HIV Knowledge and Awareness among Undergraduate Students at Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Objective: We describe baseline HIV knowledge among students at historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) to inform and strengthen HIV education efforts at HBCUs.
Methods: We surveyed 1,230 African American HBCU students from 24 HBCUs; 1,051 responses (85.4 %) were analyzable.
Results: Although general HIV knowledge was high among respondents (95% of students correctly responded that having sex without a condom constituted unsafe sex), knowledge deficits were noted (only 25% of students reported that multiple sex partners is a form of unsafe sex, while 25% of students reported that withdrawal of the penis before ejaculation reduced HIV risk).
Conclusions: Misperceptions about HIV have implications for unintended sexual transmission of HIV. As African American young adults are disproportionately affected by HIV, strengthening HIV prevention efforts at HBCUs may include correcting misperceptions to reduce sexual risk and decrease HIV-related health disparities among young people
Analysis and evaluation of elementary electricity text books
Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University, 1938. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive
Dynamics of tilt-based browsing on mobile devices
A tilt-controlled photo browsing method for small mobile devices is presented. The implementation uses continuous inputs from an accelerometer, and a multimodal (visual, audio and vibrotactile) display coupled with the states of this model. The model is based on a simple physical model, with its characteristics shaped to enhance usability. We show how the dynamics of the physical model can be shaped to make the handling qualities of the mobile device fit the browsing task. We implemented the proposed algorithm on Samsung MITs PDA with tri-axis accelerometer and a vibrotactile motor. The experiment used seven novice users browsing from 100 photos. We compare a tilt-based interaction method with a button-based browser and an iPod wheel. We discuss the usability performance and contrast this with subjective experience from the users. The iPod wheel has significantly poorer performance than button pushing or tilt interaction, despite its commercial popularity
Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order, Restricted Gauge Transformations, and Aharonov-Bohm Effect in Conductors
The Hamiltonian describing a conductor surrounding an external magnetic field
contains a nonvanishing vector potential in the volume accessible to the
electrons and nuclei of which the conductor is made. That vector potential
cannot be removed by a gauge transformation. Nevertheless, a macroscopic normal
conductor can experience no Aharonov-Bohm effect. That is proved by assuming
only that a normal conductor lacks off-diagonal long-range order (ODLRO). Then
by restricting the Hilbert space to density matrices which lack ODLRO, it is
possible to introduce a restricted gauge transformation that removes the
interaction of the conductor with the vector potential.Comment: Editing errors are corrected. One was slightly misleadin
Metastable Chimera States in Community-Structured Oscillator Networks
A system of symmetrically coupled identical oscillators with phase lag is
presented, which is capable of generating a large repertoire of transient
(metastable) "chimera" states in which synchronisation and desynchronisation
co-exist. The oscillators are organised into communities, such that each
oscillator is connected to all its peers in the same community and to a subset
of the oscillators in other communities. Measures are introduced for
quantifying metastability, the prevalence of chimera states, and the variety of
such states a system generates. By simulation, it is shown that each of these
measures is maximised when the phase lag of the model is close, but not equal,
to pi/2. The relevance of the model to a number of fields is briefly discussed,
with particular emphasis on brain dynamics.Comment: Substantially revised and reorganised versio
Area deprivation across the life course and physical capability in mid-life: findings from the 1946 British Birth Cohort
Physical capability in later life is influenced by factors occurring across the life course, yet exposures to area conditions have only been examined cross-sectionally. Data from the National Survey of Health and Development, a longitudinal study of a 1946 British birth cohort, were used to estimate associations of area deprivation (defined as percentage of employed people working in partly skilled or unskilled occupations) at ages 4, 26, and 53 years (residential addresses linked to census data in 1950, 1972, and 1999) with 3 measures of physical capability at age 53 years: grip strength, standing balance, and chair-rise time. Cross-classified multilevel models with individuals nested within areas at the 3 ages showed that models assessing a single time point underestimate total area contributions to physical capability. For balance and chair-rise performance, associations with area deprivation in midlife were robust to adjustment for individual socioeconomic position and prior area deprivation (mean change for a 1-standard-deviation increase: balance, −7.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): −12.8, −2.8); chair rise, 2.1% (95% CI: −0.1, 4.3)). In addition, area deprivation in childhood was related to balance after adjustment for childhood socioeconomic position (−5.1%, 95% CI: −8.7, −1.6). Interventions aimed at reducing midlife disparities in physical capability should target the socioeconomic environment of individuals—for standing balance, as early as childhood
Generating Abstractive Summaries from Meeting Transcripts
Summaries of meetings are very important as they convey the essential content
of discussions in a concise form. Generally, it is time consuming to read and
understand the whole documents. Therefore, summaries play an important role as
the readers are interested in only the important context of discussions. In
this work, we address the task of meeting document summarization. Automatic
summarization systems on meeting conversations developed so far have been
primarily extractive, resulting in unacceptable summaries that are hard to
read. The extracted utterances contain disfluencies that affect the quality of
the extractive summaries. To make summaries much more readable, we propose an
approach to generating abstractive summaries by fusing important content from
several utterances. We first separate meeting transcripts into various topic
segments, and then identify the important utterances in each segment using a
supervised learning approach. The important utterances are then combined
together to generate a one-sentence summary. In the text generation step, the
dependency parses of the utterances in each segment are combined together to
create a directed graph. The most informative and well-formed sub-graph
obtained by integer linear programming (ILP) is selected to generate a
one-sentence summary for each topic segment. The ILP formulation reduces
disfluencies by leveraging grammatical relations that are more prominent in
non-conversational style of text, and therefore generates summaries that is
comparable to human-written abstractive summaries. Experimental results show
that our method can generate more informative summaries than the baselines. In
addition, readability assessments by human judges as well as log-likelihood
estimates obtained from the dependency parser show that our generated summaries
are significantly readable and well-formed.Comment: 10 pages, Proceedings of the 2015 ACM Symposium on Document
Engineering, DocEng' 201
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