Training on management of ENT emergencies using low-fidelity nasal simulator

Nasal Bleeding and Foreign bodies in the nasal cavity are common ENT (Ear, Nose and Throat) emergencies encountered in daily practice. Nasal bleeding (Epistaxis) is a serious health emergency which can lead to catastrophic consequences, if not controlled, especially in elderly patients or in remote localities. Nasal foreign bodies are associated with children and mentally ill people. Mishandling of foreign body may lead to its impaction or (suffocation) as it may be pushed further down and obstruct airway. Training of medical students on proper handling and management of these situations is crucial. The emergency nature of the problem limits training opportunities for the students on real subjects. Thislow fidelity simulator named (Soso-Noso)was invented to simulate the probable scenarios of nasal bleeding or foreign body in the nose. The simulator was introduced to the undergraduate medical students during their otolaryngology (ENT) internship to test its utility and effectiveness. The students took a pre-intervention test after learning the theoretical background of those conditions and its management. Then they were shown how to handle the simulator and students in small groups worked with it with minimal guidance of the lecturer. The simulator is equipped with a microcontroller and electronic proximity and contact sensors to detect the three different modes of treatment. Post-intervention test was done to measure the level of new acquired knowledge and confidence. Paired comparison of Pre- and Post-test scores (given out of 60) was done and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test gave a significant difference (p<0.001). The mean scores were increased by 200% after working with Soso-Noso (i.e. from 14.6 to 45.73 with an increase of 31.13 marks scores). Written feedback from the students highlighted on gaining confidence in handling these cases as they become familiarized with different management scenarios using the simulator. Since Soso-Noso simulator is a light weight, low cost and user friendly device, its wider application in the teaching of ENT practices is strongly expected

Effectiveness of Robotic Gaming Towards Students Motivation for Respiration Topic

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of learning robot game on student motivation for cell respiration topic. A total of 474 students oneyear module 1 & 3 involving three colleges Kedah Matriculation College, Perlis Matriculation College and Perak Matriculation College. The motivational questionnaire on learning materials developed by Keller (1987) was used in the study to measure student motivation. This study uses a quantitative non-survey approach with quasi-experimental design involving treatment and control groups. Robots developed using the Arduino-uno brain and coding processes for robot coordination through the software Scratch for Arduino (S4A). Student motivation was measured at three different time periods (pre-questionnaire, post-questionnaire and postquestionnaire 2). The two statistical test was performed, repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) one way at significant level p<0.05, Mauchly test and also the effect size as measurement was performed at three different time periods. The results of the analysis showed that both control and treatment groups showed significant improvement in three periods based on motivation with p <0.05. Howeversuch a size effect shows that the treatment group has a high impact and the desired zone effect from the learning material compared to the control group

EEG-Based Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) for Controlling Mobile Robots: The Trend of Prior Studies

Recently, a novel method created on thought based brain signal and it has been technologically advanced rapidly. The Brain control system is a rapidly emerging multidisciplinary study area which has perceived remarkable achievement over the past few years. In this paper, we review the background, feature extraction and classification algorithms used to design the Electroencephalography (EEG) based Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) to control the mobile robots

A Design Methodology of an Embedded Motion-Detecting Video Surveillance System

Malaysia urbanization rate has been growing fast due to rapid development and modernization (Economy Planning Unit, 2015) (World Bank, 2015). With the fast growing urban population, the property crimes associated also rises at an alarming rate (United Nations Human Settlements Program, 2007) ( Mohit Mohammad Abdul, Elsawahli H. Mohamed Hassan, 2015) (Ministry of Home Affairs, 2015). Video surveillance system is one of the trusted and efficient security systems to protect people and property against criminal (Varij Ken, 2015). Three problems and issues regarding current video surveillance system are functionality, flexibility and efficiency. The aim of this project is to design and develop an embedded motion detecting video surveillance system and to produce a functioning prototype as the final result to solve these problems. In order to achieve the aim of this project, three objectives are set to be attained. These objectives are to design and develop a motion detection algorithm based on OpenCV library functions using camera as sensor, to process and execute the algorithm using an embedded micro-computer and to compare its processing performance with a PC and to enable wireless user alert using LAN and internet connection. The first objective is achieved as the motion detection algorithm designed and developed based on background subtraction method using camera sensor and openCV library function is proven to functioning well in detecting for motion changes. The algorithm performs successfully both in BeagleBone Black module and PC and is able to deliver outputs required for embedded motion detection video surveillance system. The second objective is achieved as BeagleBone Black (BBB) module, a micro-computer embedded system is used as main processor for the embedded motion-detecting video surveillance system. The BBB module is able to process and execute the motion detection algorithm designed with image processing functions from OpenCV library. The third objective is achieved as embedded motion-detecting video surveillance system is equipped with wireless user alert function using local area network and internet connection. The system is able to send real-time alert to the user via email attached with the image captured and detected as a threat by the syste

Electrical Consumer Panel with Automated Leakage Current Detector System

In this research work, automated leakage current detector for electrical consumer panel is carried out. Residual Current Device (RCD) is protection equipment that install in the panel for every building where power supply is required. RCD detects leakage current by monitoring the current in both phase and neutral. Mechanical switch has been developed to trip RCD when there are any differences in between these two current. As RCD tripped, power supply cutoff immediately, the developed automated system can detect the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) consists of leakage current. The system will generate instructions to user to open the particular MCB(s) which consist of leakage current and close the RCD to gain back power suppl