The Use of Dolomite Bricks and the Effect of Slag Format-ion on Basic Linings in Modern Steelmaking Practice

The demands made upon the properties of steel with regard to higher cleanness and lower contents of sulphur and oxygen increase continuously. This has to be taken into consideration by all metallurgical treatments. The modern technology of "Secondary Steelmaking" transferred metall-urgical processes out of the primary melting facilities into subsequent "secondary" units. Consequently, these units must also be lined with refractories compatible with these metallurgical requirements (1-4)

The Use of Dolomite Bricks and the Effect of Slag Formation on Basic Linings in Modern Steelmaking Practice.

The demand made for steel with higher cleanness and lower contents of sulphur and oxygen are increasing continuously. This has to be taken into consideration by all metallurgical treatments. The modern technology of "Secondary Steel making" transferred metallurgical processes out of the primary melting facilities into subsequent "secondary units

Single cell microbial ecophysiology with Raman-FISH

The ability to identify and characterise the roles that bacteria perform in their natural environment is a central prerequisite for understanding how ecosystems function. Traditional methods of culturing and identification are not always suitable due to the inability to grow most bacteria in pure cultures, the so-called great plate count anomaly. Recent developments in culture-independent molecular methods, coupled to microscopy-based ecophysiological analyses, are gaining increasing interest due to their ability to circumvent culture-based biases and allow physiological/phylogenetic analysis within ecological communities. Here we describe the application of Raman microspectroscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) in combination with stable isotope labelling to help determine bacterial identity and function