CHAPTER 4.2: APPLICATION OF URBANSIM IN PARIS (ILE-DE-FRANCE) CASE STUDY

This chapter presents the modeling and simulation works applying UrbanSimE in Paris case study. This is the most important application of UrbanSim worldwide with respect to the size of the region and of the project evaluated, data availability and complexity. The rich available data allowed us to make different econometric analyses and to implement several theoretical insights previously presented in this handbook. The model has been successfully used in an applied study concerning the Grand Paris project, which can be considered as the most important investment plan in the transportation system of the region since the construction of Paris subway network at the beginning of the 20th century

A model of residential location choice with endogenous housing prices and traffic for the Paris region

There is a growing interest in the development and the use of large-scale planning models. In this paper, we describe the first step of a project to integrate UrbanSim, a dynamic microsimulation land use model, and METROPOLIS, a dynamic traffic model. This is the first attempt, to our knowledge, to integrate a dynamic land use model and a dynamic traffic model. We briefly describe the two models and propose a unified framework for their integration. Within this integrated framework we develop a model of residential location choice, with endogenous housing prices and traffic. The study area for this research is the Ile-de-France (Paris region), for which we provide empirical results

Accessibility and environmental quality: inequality in the Paris housing market

In this paper we examine empirically the market for local amenities in the Paris metropolitan region. We find first that there is considerable inequality in the spatial distribution of these local amenities, including accessibility, environmental and social indicators. We use a spatial representation and Lorenz curves to examine the degree of inequality in these amenities, and this provides evidence that some amenities (or disamenities) are much more inequitably distributed than others. The most extremely unequally distributed amenities are noise (due to its concentration near airports), “Redevelopment Areas”, presence of water (lakes and rivers) and forests, and presence of train and subway stations. Some indicators, such as the “Poulit accessibility” measure, were by contrast remarkably constant over the region. We recognize that local amenities should be capitalized into the housing market, and explore the willingness to pay of households for these amenities within the Paris region using alternative specifications of a location choice model. One of the core questions we examine is the spatial scale of the amenity effects and how this is captured in a location choice context. By estimating models at both a commune and at a grid cell level, we obtain new insights into how households in the Paris region trade off amenities against each other and against housing cost. We find that the residential location choice model fits the data moderately better at the smaller scale of the grid cell compared to the commune

Calibration of METROPOLIS for Ile-de-France

This paper summarizes the calibration procedure and the final results of calibration of the transport model METROPOLIS for Ile-de-France region. It also presents a brief description of the different sources of data available and their uses for modeling and calibration purposes. Calibrations results were compared on both aggregate and disaggregate level with the field data obtained from different sources. The results suggest that METROPOLIS, which is a dynamic traf-fic simulator, can give precise prediction of the real traffic situation for Ile-de-France region

Introducing sufficiency in the building sector in net-zero scenarios for France

International audienceIn France, the building sector (residential and commercial) represented 16% of carbon emissions in 2015 (use-phase). The building sector therefore has a major role to play in the carbon transition by acting on all available levers: sufficiency, efficiency, decarbonised energy and carbon sinks. How much can the sector contribute to the overall goal of carbon neutrality by 2050? The article presents findings from Transition(s) 2050, a set of scenarios developed for the whole economy by ADEME, the French Environmental Transition Agency. It focuses on sufficiency: which role can it play in the decarbonation of the building sector, both in the use-phase and beyond? What would enabling conditions be?Sufficiency can contribute to achieve further energy savings compared to “efficiency-only” scenarios in areas such as domestic electrical appliances or space cooling, hence easing the wider decarbonation effort. Furthermore, sufficiency has systemic implications beyond the use-phase. It contributes to decreasing energy consumption in the industrial sector, as building less has direct impact on the demand for construction material. It also has impact on other resources such as land. Land take and building waste are significantly lower in the most sufficient scenarios. However, implementing sufficiency requires profound changes both in policies for the building sector and the way these policies are designed

Rapport final du projet QUATUOR Calage et resultats de simulations dynamiques sur des reseaux de grande taille. Annee 3

Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RL 504 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEMinistere de l'Equipement, des Transports et du Logement (METL), 92 - Puteaux (France). Direction de la Recherche et des Affaires Scientifiques et Techniques (DRAST)FRFranc