The Supernova Remnant G11.2-0.3 and its central Pulsar

The plerion inside the composite Supernova Remnant G11.2-0.3 appears to be dominated by the magnetic field to an extent unprecedented among well known cases. We discuss its evolution as determined by a central pulsar and the interaction with the surrounding thermal remnant, which in turn interacts with the ambient medium. We find that a plausible scenario exists, where all the observations can be reproduced with rather typical values for the parameters of the system; we also obtain the most likely period for the still undetected pulsar.Comment: 10 pages, to be published on ApJ Letters. Formatted using AASTe

Assessment of Condylar volume changes in Class II Division 2 patients treated with proclination of maxillary incisors, overbite reduction and dentoalveolar expansion using Invisalign Clear Aligners

To assess the possible three-dimensional changes in condylar volume in Class II Division 2 growing patients following the use of Invisalign clear aligners to “unlock” the mandible. Unlocking the mandible was done through proclining the maxillary incisors, correcting the overbite, and expanding the maxillary arch

Tissue Engineering in Vesical Reconstruction

Objectives: This review summarizes the basic principles of tissue engineering (TE) and describes the possible future clinical application in bladder reconstruction.Material and Methods: This review is based on an electronic search of the PubMed database and recently published presentations between November 2008 and May 2009 about basic research on TE and vesical reconstruction.Results: Few articles (about 30) described bladder reconstruction utilizing TE approaches, most being reviews, with 8 experimental animals studies, and only one study in human subjects.Conclusion: Despite the fact that TE is a recently developed field and remains largely experimental, it promises to influence urological treatment in the near future. One can predict that some form of engineered urothelial tissue will enter the clinical domain within the next 5 to 10 yearsKey Words : Bladder, reconstructive urology, stem cells, tissue engineerin