Comparison of hemodynamic and nutritional parameters between older persons practicing regular physical activity, nonsmokers and ex-smokers

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Sedentary lifestyle combined with smoking, contributes to the development of a set of chronic diseases and to accelerating the course of aging. The aim of the study was to compare the hemodynamic and nutritional parameters between elderly persons practicing regular physical activity, nonsmokers and ex-smokers.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The sample was comprised of 40 elderly people practicing regular physical activity for 12 months, divided into a Nonsmoker Group and an Ex-smoker Group. During a year four trimestrial evaluations were performed, in which the hemodynamic (blood pressure, heart rate- HR and VO₂) and nutritional status (measured by body mass index) data were collected. The paired t-test and t-test for independent samples were applied in the intragroup and intergroup analysis, respectively.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age of the groups was 68.35 years, with the majority of individuals in the Nonsmoker Group being women (n = 15) and the Ex-smoker Group composed of men (n = 11). In both groups the variables studied were within the limits of normality for the age. HR was diminished in the Nonsmoker Group in comparison with the Ex-smoker Group (p = 0.045) between the first and last evaluation. In the intragroup analysis it was verified that after one year of exercise, there was significant reduction in the HR in the Nonsmoker Group (p = 0.002) and a significant increase in VO₂for the Ex-smoker Group (p = 0.010). There are no significant differences between the hemodynamic and nutritional conditions in both groups.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In elderly persons practicing regular physical activity, it was observed that the studied variables were maintained over the course of a year, and there was no association with the history of smoking, except for HR and VO₂.</p

Análise quantitativa e qualitativa do nível de conhecimento dos alunos do curso de fisioterapia sobre a atuação do fisioterapeuta em saúde pública Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the level of knowledge from the physiotherapy student's course, about the performance of the physiotherapist in public health

Fisioterapia é a ciência da saúde que estuda, previne e trata os distúrbios cinéticos funcionais em órgãos e sistemas do corpo humano. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a expectativa dos alunos do primeiro ao quinto semestre de fisioterapia sobre a atuação do fisioterapeuta em saúde pública e a expectativa desses alunos quanto à inserção do profissional de fisioterapia no Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF). Trata-se de estudo realizado na Faculdade Marechal Rondon, com 107 alunos, tendo como critério de exclusão os alunos do sétimo semestre. Foi usado um questionário, contendo onze questões, sendo oito de múltipla escolha e três dissertativas. Os dados passaram por tratamento estatístico, em que foram utilizadas a análise descritiva através do programa Microsoft Excel 2003 e análise do discurso do sujeito coletivo. A respeito da atuação do fisioterapeuta no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), 44% dos alunos consideram muito importante, 36% consideraram que o papel do fisioterapeuta no PSF é muito importante, enquanto 24% dos alunos consideram não saber informar quanto à eficácia de seu atendimento. Os alunos consideram importante a atuação do fisioterapeuta no SUS e PSF, mas pouco tem conhecimento sobre a atuação do fisioterapeuta em saúde pública.<br>Physiotherapy is the science of health that studies, prevents and takes care of the functional kinetic disturbs in essential organs and system of human body. The objective was to examine the expectation of students at 1st, 3rd and 5th semester of physiotherapy course about the physiotherapist activity in public health and the expectancy on the Family Health Program (PSF). The study took place in Marechal Rondon College, with 107 students, having as exclusion criterion the students from the 7th semester. A questionnaire with 11 questions was used being, eight multiple option questions and three discursive questions. For the statistic analysis, it was used the descriptive method with Microsoft Excel 2003 Program and speech's analysis of the collective subject. In relation to the physiotherapist actuation in the Unified Health System (SUS) 44% of students think it is very important, 36% think that the physiotherapist function in the PSF is very important whereas 24% of students thinks don't know about the efficiency of its attendance. The students think that the physiotherapist in the SUS and PSF is important, but a little of them have knowledge about the physiotherapist performance in Public Health

Atividades físicas de lazer e transtornos mentais comuns em jovens de Feira de Santana, Bahia Leisure physical activities and common mental disorders among young people in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil

INTRODUÇÃO: Os transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) são transtornos comumente encontrados na população e resultam do estilo de vida moderno. As atividades físicas de lazer podem diminuir as tensões, evitando esses transtornos. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de TMCs em jovens que participam ou não de atividades físicas de lazer em Feira de Santana (BA). MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico, de corte transversal, incluindo 3.597 indivíduos, entre os quais 1.400 jovens com idade entre 15 e 29 anos, residentes na zona urbana de Feira de Santana. As atividades físicas de lazer foram avaliadas por meio de um questionário estruturado que abordou frequência, tipo, motivo e esforço envolvido em cada atividade. O Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) foi utilizado para avaliar os TMCs. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de TMC foi de 19,2% entre os adolescentes-jovens (15-17 anos), 26,6% entre os jovens-jovens (18-24 anos) e 27,8% entre os jovens-adultos (25-29 anos). Quanto à avaliação das atividades de lazer, 89,9% disseram que mantinham algum tipo de atividade, porém percebeu-se uma diminuição da prática de atividades físicas de lazer com o avançar da idade. Ao analisar a relação entre atividades físicas de lazer e TMC, foi verificada associação negativa (razão de prevalência: 0,59, intervalo de confiança de 95%: 0,51-0,67). CONCLUSÃO: Nos programas de atenção a saúde devem ser incluídas ações que favoreçam a prática de atividades físicas de lazer, tendo em vista a contribuição do comportamento ativo na melhoria da saúde mental.<br>INTRODUCTION: Common mental disorders (CMD) are disorders commonly found in the population. They are a consequence of modern lifestyle. Leisure physical activities can reduce tension and therefore help prevent CMDs. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of CMDs among youths who engage and those who do not engage in leisure physical activities in Feira de Santana (BA), Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional, epidemiological study was conducted with 3,597 individuals, including 1,400 young people aged 15-29 years, living in the urban area of Feira de Santana. Leisure physical activities were assessed using a structured questionnaire covering the frequency, type, reason and effort involved in each activity. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to assess CMDs. RESULTS: The prevalence of CMD was 19.2% among adolescents (15-17 years old), 26.6% among youths (18-24 years), and 27.8% among young adults (25-29 years). In the assessment of leisure activities, 89.9% of the youths reported to regularly engage in some kind of activity; however, engagement in leisure physical activities was observed to reduce with age. A negative association was found between leisure physical activities and CMD (prevalence ratio: 0.59, 95% confidence interval: 0.51-0.67). CONCLUSION: Healthcare programs should include actions that encourage leisure physical activities, in view of the contribution of active behavior toward improving mental health