Interacting effects of <i>Azolla</i>, rain and wind on salinity stratification. A

<p>) Salinity (mg L⁻¹ ± standard error) in the top water layers (solid lines) and in the bottom water layers (dotted lines) of the beakers in the absence of <i>Azolla</i> (rounds), in the presence of <i>Azolla</i> (squares), with no influence of wind (closed figures) or with influence of wind (open figures) hours after the rain event. <b>B</b>) Salinity (mg L⁻¹) profiles in the beakers 20 hours after the rain event.</p

Mesocosm experiment.

<p><b>A</b>) Development of the biomass density of <i>Azolla filiculoides</i> (g dry weight m⁻² ± standard error) grown in freshwater or brackish water basins. <b>2B</b>) Chloride concentrations and <b>2C</b>) phosphate concentrations (µM ± standard error) in the top, middle and bottom water layers of the freshwater and brackish water basins during the mesocosm experiment. Significant differences between water layers are indicated by different letters. The cumulative amount of rainfall during the experiment (mm) is shown on the right axis in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0050159#pone-0050159-g002" target="_blank">figure <b>2B</b></a>.</p

Appendix J. Results from PROC MIXED (SAS) analysis of effects of inoculum origin on plant biomass production of mid-successional plant species relative to the sterilized control treatment.

Results from PROC MIXED (SAS) analysis of effects of inoculum origin on plant biomass production of mid-successional plant species relative to the sterilized control treatment

Appendix K. Ordination diagram of principal components analysis on bacterial and fungal denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of Poa annua rhizosphere samples.

Ordination diagram of principal components analysis on bacterial and fungal denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of Poa annua rhizosphere samples

Appendix B. Available nutrients in the sterilized soil and in the microbial inocula originating from soil in which monocultures of early-successional plant species were grown in experiment 1.

Available nutrients in the sterilized soil and in the microbial inocula originating from soil in which monocultures of early-successional plant species were grown in experiment 1

Appendix A. Abiotic soil characteristics at the start of the feedback experiment.

Abiotic soil characteristics at the start of the feedback experiment

Appendix F. Results of t tests to analyze if feedback responses of early-successional plant species in monocultures and in mixed communities in competition with later-successional species differed from zero.

Results of t tests to analyze if feedback responses of early-successional plant species in monocultures and in mixed communities in competition with later-successional species differed from zero

Appendix G. Results of General Linear Model testing the difference in feedback effects of early-successional plant species in monocultures and in mixed communities in competition with later-successional species.

Results of General Linear Model testing the difference in feedback effects of early-successional plant species in monocultures and in mixed communities in competition with later-successional species

Appendix H. Factor loadings of principal components analysis for mid-successional plant species grown in soil with histories of early-successional plant species.

Factor loadings of principal components analysis for mid-successional plant species grown in soil with histories of early-successional plant species

Appendix C. Nutrient availability of soils in which monocultures of early-successional plant species were grown in experiment 1.

Nutrient availability of soils in which monocultures of early-successional plant species were grown in experiment 1