Identification of an ectopic periorbital lymph node in two horses

Background: To describe the clinical presentation and treatment of an ectopic periorbital lymph node in two young horses. Case Description: Two warm-blood horses were presented at the equine clinic of the University of Liège with a periorbital non-painful mass. Differential diagnosis included neoplasm (lymphoma), (sterile) abscess, cyst, ectopic lacrimal gland tissue, hematoma, adipose tissue, or ectopic lymphoid tissue. Information collected included physical and ophthalmic examination findings, results of the ocular and periocular ultrasound, surgical procedure, histopathology, and follow-up. Masses of 2 × 2 cm and 3 × 2 cm subcutaneous, ovoid, smooth, and firm mass were observed in the zygomatic region of the head. On ultrasound, the mass appeared as a hypoechoic subcutaneous structure. Cytology showed a mixed lymphocytic cell population. No abnormal mitotic activity was observed. Histopathology revealed a chronic markedly reactive lymph node. Conclusion: To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of periorbital ectopic lymph nodes in veterinary medicine. Ectopic lymph nodes should therefore be included in the differential diagnosis of periocular masses in animals. Surgery was easily performed and was curative

La rétinopathie hypertensive chez le chat

peer reviewedLa rétinopathie hypertensive est fréquente chez le chat âgé atteint d’hypertension artérielle. Les principales lésions oculaires sont des hémorragies rétiniennes et/ou des décollements de rétine pouvant conduire à une cécité parfois brutale. Les démarches diagnostiques et thérapeutiques doivent être rigoureuses afin de stabiliser rapidement les lésions, la restauration de la vision restant possible, mais exceptionnelle. Le traitement antihypertenseur est souvent mis en place en urgence et la prévention de l’apparition d’une hypertension artérielle reste le meilleur moyen d’éviter cette situation

Ocular melanoma in dogs and cats

peer reviewedLes tumeurs mélanocytaires sont plus fréquentes chez le chien que chez le chat. Les mélanomes et les mélanocytomes requièrent un examen approfondi afin d’établir la conduite à tenir. En règle générale, dans les deux espèces, les mélanomes palpébraux présentent un bon pronostic s’ils sont excisés au plus tôt, même si des récidives sont toujours possibles. Si les mélanomes conjonctivaux semblent être agressifs dans les deux espèces, en revanche, les mélanomes épibulbaires ont tendance à être bénins et à progresser très lentement. Enfin, c’est chez le chat que le pronostic est le plus mauvais lors de mélanome intra-oculaire, à la fois pour l’œil et pour l’anima

Les glaucomes chez le cheval

peer reviewe

Equine glaucomas

The glaucomas are diseases that lead to the destruction of retinal ganglion cells and their axons via a number of mechanisms such as direct pressure damage, hypoxic and toxic injuries. The aim of this article is to present a review of this condition in horses in order to have a proactive attitude and to enable an early diagnosis to be made in order to determine the most adequate prophylactic (on predisposed individuals) and therapeutic treatment

Le film lacrymal chez le cheval : rôle et anomalies

peer reviewedAlthough the lacrimal film of the horse contributes greatly to the health and normal functioning of the cornea, it remains poorly understood. The origin of its components, its structure and its functions, as well as the diagnostic procedures aimed at detecting and confirming the conditions that can affect the lacrimal film are presented in this article. Quantitative and qualitative disorders are exposed, including the clinical signs and treatment. In particular, the proteolytic activity in the tear film in cases of corneal ulceration, which remain a common eye disease in horses, is described

Duration of corneal anaesthesia following multiple doses and two concentrations of tetracaine hydrochloride eyedrops on the normal equine cornea

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: There is a clinical impression that tetracaine hydrochloride (THCl) eyedrops is a suitable topical anaesthetic in horses. OBJECTIVE: To determine the duration of corneal anaesthesia following instillation of multiple doses and 2 concentrations of THCl in 10 healthy horses. METHODS: The corneal touch threshold (CTT) was determined, in both eyes, before (basal CTT) and after application of one drop of 0.5% THCl, 2 drops at a 1 min interval of 0.5% THCl or one drop of 1% THCl. CTT was measured in mm every 5 min until complete recovery of the basal CTT. Treatments were separated by an interval of at least one week. RESULTS: Corneal sensitivity was significantly reduced from baseline values for 30, 60 and 50 min after application of one drop of 0.5% THCl, 2 drops of 0.5% THCl and one drop of 1% THCl, respectively. Mean maximal anaesthetic effects, corresponding to a CTT of 0 mm, lasted 5.5, 16 and 15.25 min and maximal anaesthetic effect was present in 55, 90 and 80% of eyes, 5 min after application of one drop of 0.5% THCl, 2 drops of 0.5% THCl and one drop of 1% THCl, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The application of a second drop or the use of more concentrated eyedrops significantly increases duration of both anaesthesia and maximal anaesthetic effect. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Duration of corneal anaesthesia following tetracaine instillation was established enabling a better use when performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Comparison of tetracaine with other ocular anaesthetics needs to be published in the future