Study on Characteristics of Sediment and Sedimentation Rate at Sungai Lembing, Kuantan, Pahang

AbstractRiver is important in human life. River is very useful and has various functions in human life such as for domestics, economics, connection for one place to others place and many more. The main function of the river is to flow the water to the water storage or sea. River also brings the sediment from upstream or from erosion process. Sediments may affect the characteristics and the rate of the river. The study of sedimentation rate is quite important for development our country. It also can avoid the problem which related to our human society such as flood and water quality. As example, the depth of river become shallow if the sedimentation occurred. It also will make the quantity of aquatic life will reduced. This study was carried out to determine the sedimentation rate for five locations in the study area at Sungai Lembing, Kuantan, using Duboys and Schoklitsch equation. The highest sedimentation rate using Duboys is 2.06 lb-sec/ft was obtained at Station 3 and the lowest sedimentation rate is 0.073 lb-sec/ft also at Station 3 but in different day. Meanwhile, by using Schoklitsch equation, the highest rate is 1.12 lb-sec/ft at Station 1 and the lowest rate at Station 5 with 0.263 lb-sec/ft. The results for Duboys indicated that the rate is related to the mean size of sediment and the cross section of the river. By using Schoklitsch, the results depend on the flow rate of the river. If the flow rate higher, the sediment rate will also increase. The sediment sample sieving test results was classified using U. S. Army Corps of Engineer (USACE). The major size at Sungai Lembing for every station is in range between 2 mm-0.5mm (Medium sand) and the minor size of sediment for the five ungauged station is 0.25 mm- 0.0625mm (very fine sand)

Consumer Acceptance and Willingness to Pay for Prebiotic Kuini Juice in Malaysia

Changing consumers' lifestyles and food consumption patterns provide an excellent opportunity to develop the prebiotics market in Malaysia. Therefore, Malaysia is trying to improve products based on local ingredients such as kuini juice developed by the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI). The high fibre content found in kuini makes it suitable to be used as one of the essential ingredients in prebiotic drinks.  This research attempted to analyse consumer acceptance and willingness to pay for prebiotic kuini juice.  A survey was conducted in Peninsular Malaysia, where 400 respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire.  Exploratory factor analysis, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity were utilised for objective analysis 1, while the Contingent Valuation Method was utilised for objective analysis 2.  The result showed that 73% of respondents had taken prebiotic juice in the past. The tendency to choose prebiotic kuini juice by MARDI was 52% compared to existing products in the market. Significant findings determined consumers' preference factors, including product marketing and promotion, which influenced the purchasing of prebiotic kuini juice. The willingness to pay by respondents was lower at RM4.10/300ml bottle than the actual price bid at RM5.70/300ml bottle. As consumer awareness of health increases, it was an opportunity for the health food industry to expand the functional food market. However, some improvements should be adjusted to ensure prebiotic kuini juice can compete with other similar products in the market. Government support is needed to encourage indigenous fruits cultivation and to produce value-added products

A case study of improved PEO assessments in the electrical, electronic and systems engineering program at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Program educational objectives (PEOs) encompass a collection of statements that outline the knowledge, proficiencies, and competencies that graduates of a program should possess. PEO assessments are conducted for the purpose of evaluating the degree to which students have attained these objectives. However, the current assessment methods are not comprehensive and do not provide sufficient data to determine whether graduates are achieving the intended outcomes of the program. As a result, the program may not have sufficient data to provide informed decisions about curriculum development and student support services. This study provides an examination of the recently implemented Program Educational Objectives (PEO) evaluations within the undergraduate program of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, at the Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). This study examines the difficulties encountered during the development and execution of direct and indirect PEO evaluations, along with the measures undertaken to enhance these assessments. It also includes a quantitative analysis of the findings generated from the newly implemented PEO assessment questionnaires. The study concludes by providing a discussion of the advantages associated with enhancing PEO assessments, as well as the potential usage for other engineering programs within the faculty

Study on Characteristics of Sediment and Sedimentation Rate at Sungai Lembing, Kuantan, Pahang

River is important in human life. River is very useful and has various functions in human life such as for domestics, economics, connection for one place to others place and many more. The main function of the river is to flow the water to the water storage or sea. River also brings the sediment from upstream or from erosion process. Sediments may affect the characteristics and the rate of the river. The study of sedimentation rate is quite important for development our country. It also can avoid the problem which related to our human society such as flood and water quality. As example, the depth of river become shallow if the sedimentation occurred. It also will make the quantity of aquatic life will reduced. This study was carried out to determine the sedimentation rate for five locations in the study area at Sungai Lembing, Kuantan, using Duboys and Schoklitsch equation. The highest sedimentation rate using Duboys is 2.06 lb-sec/ft was obtained at Station 3 and the lowest sedimentation rate is 0.073 lb-sec/ft also at Station 3 but in different day. Meanwhile, by using Schoklitsch equation, the highest rate is 1.12 lb-sec/ft at Station 1 and the lowest rate at Station 5 with 0.263 lb-sec/ft. The results for Duboys indicated that the rate is related to the mean size of sediment and the cross section of the river. By using Schoklitsch, the results depend on the flow rate of the river. If the flow rate higher, the sediment rate will also increase. The sediment sample sieving test results was classified using U. S. Army Corps of Engineer (USACE). The major size at Sungai Lembing for every station is in range between 2 mm-0.5 mm (Medium sand) and the minor size of sediment for the five ungauged station is 0.25 mm- 0.0625 mm (very fine sand)