Successful treatment of tracheal stenosis by rigid bronchoscopy and topical mitomycin C: a case report

Tracheal stenosis is a known complication of prolonged intubation. It is difficult to treat and traditional surgical approach is associated with significant risk and complications. Recurrent stenosis due to granulation tissue necessitates repeated procedures. We describe a case of short web-like tracheal stenosis (concentric membranous stenosis less than 1 cm in length without associated cartilage damage) managed by a minimally invasive thoracic endoscopic approach. Topical application of Mitomycin C, a potent fibroblast inhibitor reduces granulation tissue formation and prevents recurrence

Geology and Economic Potential of Limestone in Gunung Rapat Area, Perak, Malaysia

This project is about the geology and economic potential of limestone in the Gunung Rapat area. The area is located in the Kinta Valley near Simpang Pulai, Perak, Malaysia and mostly made up of limestone hills that were remnants of massive carbonate beds covered with alluvial sediments. These areas are very well known for its limestone hills as one of the main carbonate rock formation there. The objective of this research is to conduct a geological study as well as to produce a geological map of the study area. The study includes several structural and laboratory analysis such as thin section analysis, Total Carbon analysis, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Whiteness Test and Loss on Ignition (LOI) test, to determine the properties and mineral composition found in the rock as well as to assess the quality of the limestone there to identify its economic potential. The results show that the geology of Gunung Rapat areas are mostly made up of limestone hills which characterized by steep cliff, and surrounded by alluvium sediments. The lithology can be described as from the rock sample collected as white to light brown colored and range from fine to coarse grain size. The grains are good to medium sorted and the samples can be classified as crystalline carbonate. The samples from outcrop area C shows significant boundary between the fine grains and coarse grains rocks, which is the indication of metamorphism process had occurred near the area. Meanwhile, samples from outcrop J indicates that dolomitization process had occurred on the northeastern part of the study area. The northern parts of the Gunung Rapat are structurally active and have high complexities. The thin section and SEM result shows that the limestone samples are mostly high in calcite content, the total iii carbon shows that the limestones samples have about 13% of carbon content and the XRF result shows that most of the limestone samples from Gunung Rapat area are high in Calcium content. Moreover, the whiteness test and LOI analysis result indicates that the limestone from the Gunung Rapat area are mostly suitable to be used in cement manufacturing, dimension stone and tiles industry as well as for glass and ceramics industries

Geology and Economic Potential of Limestone in Gunung Rapat Area, Perak, Malaysia

This project is about the geology and economic potential of limestone in the Gunung Rapat area. The area is located in the Kinta Valley near Simpang Pulai, Perak, Malaysia and mostly made up of limestone hills that were remnants of massive carbonate beds covered with alluvial sediments. These areas are very well known for its limestone hills as one of the main carbonate rock formation there. The objective of this research is to conduct a geological study as well as to produce a geological map of the study area. The study includes several structural and laboratory analysis such as thin section analysis, Total Carbon analysis, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Whiteness Test and Loss on Ignition (LOI) test, to determine the properties and mineral composition found in the rock as well as to assess the quality of the limestone there to identify its economic potential. The results show that the geology of Gunung Rapat areas are mostly made up of limestone hills which characterized by steep cliff, and surrounded by alluvium sediments. The lithology can be described as from the rock sample collected as white to light brown colored and range from fine to coarse grain size. The grains are good to medium sorted and the samples can be classified as crystalline carbonate. The samples from outcrop area C shows significant boundary between the fine grains and coarse grains rocks, which is the indication of metamorphism process had occurred near the area. Meanwhile, samples from outcrop J indicates that dolomitization process had occurred on the northeastern part of the study area. The northern parts of the Gunung Rapat are structurally active and have high complexities. The thin section and SEM result shows that the limestone samples are mostly high in calcite content, the total iii carbon shows that the limestones samples have about 13% of carbon content and the XRF result shows that most of the limestone samples from Gunung Rapat area are high in Calcium content. Moreover, the whiteness test and LOI analysis result indicates that the limestone from the Gunung Rapat area are mostly suitable to be used in cement manufacturing, dimension stone and tiles industry as well as for glass and ceramics industries

Geology and Economic Potential of Limestone in Gunung Rapat Area, Perak, Malaysia

This project is about the geology and economic potential of limestone in the Gunung Rapat area. The area is located in the Kinta Valley near Simpang Pulai, Perak, Malaysia and mostly made up of limestone hills that were remnants of massive carbonate beds covered with alluvial sediments. These areas are very well known for its limestone hills as one of the main carbonate rock formation there. The objective of this research is to conduct a geological study as well as to produce a geological map of the study area. The study includes several structural and laboratory analysis such as thin section analysis, Total Carbon analysis, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Whiteness Test and Loss on Ignition (LOI) test, to determine the properties and mineral composition found in the rock as well as to assess the quality of the limestone there to identify its economic potential. The results show that the geology of Gunung Rapat areas are mostly made up of limestone hills which characterized by steep cliff, and surrounded by alluvium sediments. The lithology can be described as from the rock sample collected as white to light brown colored and range from fine to coarse grain size. The grains are good to medium sorted and the samples can be classified as crystalline carbonate. The samples from outcrop area C shows significant boundary between the fine grains and coarse grains rocks, which is the indication of metamorphism process had occurred near the area. Meanwhile, samples from outcrop J indicates that dolomitization process had occurred on the northeastern part of the study area. The northern parts of the Gunung Rapat are structurally active and have high complexities

A preliminary study investigating industrial designer role in Malaysian furniture industry

The study has been conducted to investigate the Industrial Designer role in Malaysian Furniture Industry to understand challenges faced by the industrial Designer and to explore the current situations involved with Industrial Designer in furniture Industry. The study wills involve interviews and observations data collection work with Industrial Designers and Furniture Manufacturing companies in the current environment. As this research is still an ongoing investigation, we found that in Malaysia the role of industrial designers in furniture industry has not specified and Industrial Designers are required to perform many different tasks which has not been taught in their studio learning experience. This research work hope to find some career path system involved with Industrial Designer in furniture Industry or as a specific guidelines to establish the role of designer especially in Malaysia Furniture manufacturing industries, which can be beneficial to the industry as well as design education in Malaysia

Significance of applying theory of planned behaviour, theory of hexaco, religiosity and tawakal in COVID-19 pandemic

Research dealing with various aspects of theory of Hexaco, theory of planned behavior, tawakal and religiosity are reviewed, and some unresolved issues are discussed in coping of COVID 19 disease in Malaysia. In broad terms, the theory is found to be well supported by empirical evidence. Intentions to perform behaviors of different kinds can be predicted with high accuracy from attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control; and these intentions, together with perceptions of behavioral control, account for considerable variance in actual behavior with religiosity aspect. Theory of Hexaco, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, religiosity and tawakal are shown to be related to appropriate sets of salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs about the behavior, but the exact nature of these relations is still uncertain. Expectancy. value formulations are found to be only partly successful in dealing with these relations. Optimal rescaling of expectancy and value measures is offered as a means of dealing with measurement limitations. Finally, inclusion of past behavior in the prediction equation is shown to provide a means of testing the theorys sufficiency, another issue that remains unresolved.&nbsp

Reviewing the world's edible mushroom species: A new evidence‐based classification system

Wild mushrooms are a vital source of income and nutrition for many poor communities and of value to recreational foragers. Literature relating to the edibility of mushroom species continues to expand, driven by an increasing demand for wild mushrooms, a wider interest in foraging, and the study of traditional foods. Although numerous case reports have been published on edible mushrooms, doubt and confusion persist regarding which species are safe and suitable to consume. Case reports often differ, and the evidence supporting the stated properties of mushrooms can be incomplete or ambiguous. The need for greater clarity on edible species is further underlined by increases in mushroom-related poisonings. We propose a system for categorizing mushroom species and assigning a final edibility status. Using this system, we reviewed 2,786 mushroom species from 99 countries, accessing 9,783 case reports, from over 1,100 sources. We identified 2,189 edible species, of which 2,006 can be consumed safely, and a further 183 species which required some form of pretreatment prior to safe consumption or were associated with allergic reactions by some. We identified 471 species of uncertain edibility because of missing or incomplete evidence of consumption, and 76 unconfirmed species because of unresolved, differing opinions on edibility and toxicity. This is the most comprehensive list of edible mushrooms available to date, demonstrating the huge number of mushrooms species consumed. Our review highlights the need for further information on uncertain and clash species, and the need to present evidence in a clear, unambiguous, and consistent manner