Summary of samples used in the study, including plasma and dried blood spots (DBS).

a<p>HIV negative specimens collected from pregnant women in Tanzania used for assay specificity analysis; ^b Plasma-matched DBS samples collected from voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) sites in Ho Chi Minh City enrolled in an HIV-1 threshold survey; ^cPlasma-matched DBS samples collected from patients enrolled in the Nigeria HIVDR perspective monitoring survey at 12-15 months after commencement of first line antiretroviral therapy; ^d Not available.</p

Primers used in the optimized in-house assay.

<p>*: PRTM-F1 is a mixture of primers F1a and F1b at a ratio of 1:1 (w/w).</p

Genotyping reproducibility of replicate PCR products generated from independent RT-PCR amplification process by 3 different operators in a 5-member proficiency testing panel received from VQA.

<p>*IH1-3: tests were independently performed by 3 operators using the optimized in-house assay; ^#:TRUGENE® assay.</p

HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) from samples genotyped by the optimized in-house assay.

<p>HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) from samples genotyped by the optimized in-house assay.</p

Pairwise sequence identity analysis between the optimized in-house and TRUGENE® assays.

<p>Pairwise sequence identity analysis between the optimized in-house and TRUGENE® assays.</p

Difference of mixture chromatographs generated independently by 3 different operators using the optimized in-house assay from one PT sample.

<p>Panel A shows 2 codons (37 and 41 of RT) with nucleotide base calling of AYR; Panel B shows the AWR at codon 41 (the second peaks at codon 37 were not detected in this replicate); Panel C shows ACR at codon 37 (minor T was not called by the ReCall at the cutoff of 15%) and AHR at codon 41 (almost equal height of second and third peak at the 2^nd position).</p

Genotyping efficiency and drug resistance-associated mutations identified in protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) by the optimized in-house assay from dried blood spots (DBS) PT panels.

<p>*N/A:not available; bold and underlined residues were partially discordant resistance mutations from paired DBS shipped under different temperature conditions.</p

Sensitivity analysis: variation in cost/LYG through screening by varied testing and drug costs, positive symptoms screen, LP rate, CM mortality rate and discount rate.

<p>Sensitivity analysis: variation in cost/LYG through screening by varied testing and drug costs, positive symptoms screen, LP rate, CM mortality rate and discount rate.</p

Costs associated with cryptococcal meningitis diagnosis, treatment and a cryptococcal screening program in Vietnam, in US dollars.

*<p>Inclusive of: CSF culture, cell count, glucose, protein, India Ink, and LFA.</p

Cost-effectiveness of cryptococcal screening at a range of prevalences and cost scenarios.

<p>This graph has prevalence of asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia on the x-axis and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) (increased cost per life-year gained [LYG] in US dollars) on the y-axis. The blue line represents the cost curve of full-cost fluconazole for one year of treatment. The red line represents the cost curve of full-cost fluconazole for ten weeks of treatment; the green line represents the cost curve of if fluconazole is obtained at no-cost. For Vietnam, the World Health Organization considers any intervention with an ICER under $6,948 to be ‘highly cost-effective’. This graph shows that cryptococcal screening, at any prevalence and under each of the three cost scenarios, should be considered a highly cost-effective intervention in Vietnam.</p