Система обработки данных по оптическим и микрофизическим характеристикам аэродисперсной среды для оценки ослабления лучистой энергии

Разработана информационно-вычислительная система, реализующая численный эксперимент по определению ослабления и пропускания оптического излучения аэродисперсной средой. В качестве моделей отдельных рассеивателей рассмотрены столбики, пластинки, сферы, а также их агрегатов. В систему включаются архивы баз данных Aeronet и Hitran оптических и микрофизических характеристик кристаллических облаков. Программный комплекс ориентирован на обработку данных по ослаблению видимого и ИК излучения. Сравнительный анализ данных численного и натурного экспериментов показал возможность оценки физико-химических параметров среды

Artemin and an Artemin-Derived Peptide, Artefin, Induce Neuronal Survival, and Differentiation Through Ret and NCAM

Artemin (ARTN) is a neurotrophic factor from the GDNF family ligands (GFLs) that is involved in development of the nervous system and neuronal differentiation and survival. ARTN signals through a complex receptor system consisting of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored co-receptor GFL receptor α, GFRα3. We found that ARTN binds directly to neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and that ARTN-induced neuritogenesis requires NCAM expression and activation of NCAM-associated signaling partners, thus corroborating that NCAM is an alternative receptor for ARTN. We designed a small peptide, artefin, that could interact with GFRα3 and demonstrated that this peptide agonist induces RET phosphorylation and mimics the biological functions of ARTN – neuroprotection and neurite outgrowth. Moreover, artefin mimicked the binding of ARTN to NCAM and required NCAM expression and activation for its neurite elongation effect, thereby suggesting that artefin represents a binding site for NCAM within ARTN. We showed that biological effects of ARTN and artefin can be inhibited by abrogation of both NCAM and RET, suggesting a more complex signaling mechanism that previously thought. As NCAM plays a significant role in neurodevelopment, regeneration, and synaptic plasticity we suggest that ARTN and its mimetics are promising candidates for treatment of neurological disorders and warrant further investigations

Predicative model for investigation high-temperature evaporation processes of water droplets

A predicative model has been developed to study the processes of high-temperature heating and evaporation of water droplets, taking into account the main interconnected processes of heat transfer and phase transformations. Typical profiles of temperature and velocity in the system "high-temperature gases - a droplet of water" are established when the temperature of the external gas medium varies from 100 to 800 0С. Various statements of the problem are considered, which differ substantially in the type of processes and factors taken into account. The analysis of temperature regimes of heating and evaporation of water droplets is carried out, at which simplified models can be used, and in which all complex interrelated processes of heat and mass transfer (including convective, conductive and radiant heat transfer in droplets, and also in the near-surface vapor-gas layer) need to be taken into account

Multi-modal image segmentation based on machine learning methods

The purpose of this article is to introduce clustering algorithms and apply clustering methods to solve the problem of segmentation of medical images

Global Gene Expression Profiling and Transcription Factor Network Analysis of Cognitive Aging in Monozygotic Twins

Cognitive aging is one of the major problems worldwide, especially as people get older. This study aimed to perform global gene expression profiling of cognitive function to identify associated genes and pathways and a novel transcriptional regulatory network analysis to identify important regulons. We performed single transcript analysis on 400 monozygotic twins using an assumption-free generalized correlation coefficient (GCC), linear mixed-effect model (LME) and kinship model and identified six probes (one significant at the standard FDR < 0.05 while the other results were suggestive with 0.18 ≤ FDR ≤ 0.28). We combined the GCC and linear model results to cover diverse patterns of relationships, and meaningful and novel genes like APOBEC3G, H6PD, SLC45A1, GRIN3B, and PDE4D were detected. Our exploratory study showed the downregulation of all these genes with increasing cognitive function or vice versa except the SLC45A1 gene, which was upregulated with increasing cognitive function. Linear models found only H6PD and SLC45A1, the other genes were captured by GCC. Significant functional pathways (FDR < 3.95e-10) such as focal adhesion, ribosome, cysteine and methionine metabolism, Huntington's disease, eukaryotic translation elongation, nervous system development, influenza infection, metabolism of RNA, and cell cycle were identified. A total of five regulons (FDR< 1.3e-4) were enriched in a transcriptional regulatory analysis in which CTCF and REST were activated and SP3, SRF, and XBP1 were repressed regulons. The genome-wide transcription analysis using both assumption-free GCC and linear models identified important genes and biological pathways implicated in cognitive performance, cognitive aging, and neurological diseases. Also, the regulatory network analysis revealed significant activated and repressed regulons on cognitive function.Peer reviewe

Проектирование автоматизированной системы управления установки предварительного сбора воды

Объектом исследования является УПСВ. Цель работы – разработка автоматизированной системы управления УПСВ с использованием ПЛК, на основе выбранной SCADA-системы. В данном проекте была разработана система контроля и управления технологическим процессом на базе промышленных контроллеров Siemens SIMATIC S7-300 с применением SCADA-системы SIMATIC WinCC. Разработанная система может быть применена в системах контроля, управления и сбора данных на различных промышленных предприятиях.The object of the study is the UWWR. The aim of the work is the development of an automated control system for the UPSV using PLC, based on the selected SCADA system. In this project, a system for monitoring and controlling the process was developed on the basis of Siemens SIMATIC S7-300 industrial controllers using the SIMATIC WinCC SCADA system. The developed system can be applied in the systems of control, management and data collection at various industrial enterprises

Recommendations, guidelines, and best practice for the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells for neuropharmacological studies of neuropsychiatric disorders

The number of individuals suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs) has increased worldwide, with 3 million disability-adjusted life-years calculated in 2019. Though research using various approaches including genetics, imaging, clinical and animal models has advanced our knowledge regarding NPDs, we still lack basic knowledge regarding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Moreover, there is an urgent need for highly effective therapeutics for NPDs. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) generated from somatic cells enabled scientists to create brain cells in a patient-specific manner. However, there are challenges to the use of hiPSCs that need to be addressed. In the current paper, consideration of best practices for neuropharmacological and neuropsychiatric research using hiPSCs will be discussed. Specifically, we provide recommendations for best practice in patient recruitment, including collecting demographic, clinical, medical (before and after treatment and response), diagnostic (including scales) and genetic data from the donors. We highlight considerations regarding donor genetics and sex, in addition to discussing biological and technical replicates. Furthermore, we present our views on selecting control groups/lines, experimental designs, and considerations for conducting neuropharmacological studies using hiPSC-based models in the context of NPDs. In doing so, we explore key issues in the field concerning reproducibility, statistical analysis, and how to translate in vitro studies into clinically relevant observations. The aim of this article is to provide a key resource for hiPSC researchers to perform robust and reproducible neuropharmacological studies, with the ultimate aim of improving identification and clinical translation of novel therapeutic drugs for NPDs