16 research outputs found
Characteristics of the study participants.
<p><sup>#</sup> available for 408 cases.</p><p><sup>$</sup>available for 384 cases.</p><p>*available for 414 cases.</p><p><sup>@</sup> subtype available for 355 cases.</p><p>Characteristics of the study participants.</p
Linear regression curves for the pretreatment HIV-1 viral load data versus baseline lymphocyte CD 4 cell count for (a) HLA-C locus -35 T/T homozygotes, (b) HLA-C locus -35 C allele carriers (C/T+C/C), (c) HLA B*5701 (-) genotype, (d) HLA B*5701 (+) genotype, (e) compound HLA-C locus -35 non-C/HLA B*5701 (-) and (f) HLA-C locus -35 C/C and HLA B*5701(+) haplotype.
<p>Dotted line indicates 95 confidence interval for the logistic regression.</p
The relationship between pretreatment HIV plasma viremia and (a) HLA-C locus -35 genotypes for T/T homozygotes vs. C allele carriers (C/T+C/C), (b) HLA B*5701(+) vs HLA B*5701(-) genotype, and (c) compound HLA-C locus -35 C/C and HLA B*5701 (+) haplotype.
<p>Raw values for each genotype are presented as triangles, means as squares. For statistics t-test was used.</p
Box-whisker plot of the relationship between baseline lymphocyte CD 4 cell count and (a) HLA-C locus -35 genotypes for T/T homozygotes vs. C allele carriers (C/T+C/C), (b) HLA B*5701 genotype, (c) compound HLA-C locus -35 C/C and HLA B*5701 haplotype as well as nadir lymphocyte CD 4 cell count and (d) HLA-C locus -35 genotypes for T/T homozygotes vs. C allele carriers (C/T+C/C), (e) HLA B*5701 (+) genotype, (f) compound HLA-C locus -35 C/C and HLA B*5701(+) haplotype.
<p>Boxes are IQR. Whiskers are CD4 count ranges. Central square inside a box represents a median. For statistics U-Mann-Whitney test was implemented.</p
Frequency of baseline drug resistance mutations among treatment-naive patients.
<p>Frequency of baseline drug resistance mutations among treatment-naive patients.</p
Relationships between the subtype D sequences inferred using maximum likelihood phylogeny (GenBank deposited <i>pol</i> sequences).
<p>Country-specific sequences are marked with the same color: red – Poland, blue – Uganda, green – Tanzania, yellow – Europe (except Poland), brown – Cameroon, magenta - Senegal, cyan- Sudan, dark green – other African countries, violet – South America, grey – Asia, orange – North America.</p
Frequency of secondary drug resistance mutations in patients failing antiretroviral therapy.
<p>Frequency of secondary drug resistance mutations in patients failing antiretroviral therapy.</p
Phylogenetic trees of the subtype D sequences from Northwestern Poland.
<p>Figure a - maximum likelihood tree with bootstrap values for 1000 replicates drawn at the branches. Figure b – time scaled Bayesian MCMC tree. On the tree branches estimated time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) and posterior probabilities expressed as percentage are shown. For both figures clustered sequences are marked in red and four identified clusters indicated as blue boxes and numbered are drawn on the right. Drug resistance mutations are marked at the tip nodes after the sequence identifier. *source patient for the transmission of the drug resistance within the cluster.</p
Bayesian skyline plot for estimation of the number of subtype D HIV-1 cases in the local population.
<p>95% CI are marked in blue. Y-axis: predicted number of cases (log scale), X-axis: timescale (years).</p
Drug resistance and treatment efficacy in the group infected with subtype D.
<p>*Percentage expressed adherence based on the number of months of medications dispensed by the number of months of follow-up; clinician assigned adherence based on the patient's statement regarding missed doses and treatment interruptions.</p