Experimentelle Untersuchung uber die Augensymptome bei chronischer Bosmin-Vergiftung an Kaninchen, insbesondere uber die Herabsetzung der pupillo-motorischen Empfindlichkeit ( Bosmin-Starre )

Bosmin ist ein in Japan synthetisch hergestelltes Ersatzmittel von Adrenalin. Der Verfasser bezweckte an Kaninchen eine sehr chronische Bosmin-Vergiftung zu erzeugen und die dabei zu treffenden Augensymptome genau zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zweck benutzte er eine taglich einmalige intravenose Injektion von sehr verdunnter Bosminlosung mit dem Bosmingehalt von 0.01 bis 0.05%, (von 0.02 mgr. Bosmin an wochentlich aufsteigend bis auf 0.2 mgr.), und hat auffallende Ergebnisse bekommen konnen. Durchschnittlich zeigte das Tier nach ungefahr 30 Injektionen deutliche Vergiftungszeichen am Auge, und solches Tier wurde von dem Verfasser Bosminvergiftetes Tier (B-V Tier) genannt. Die zu konstatierenden Augensymptome bei B-V Kaninchen sind folgende: 1. Massige Mydriasis. 2. Umkehr der Adrenalinwirkung auf die Pupille d. h. Verengerung der Pupille bei Adrenalin-Eintraufelung (Kontrolle: Mydriasis). 3. Kein Einfluss der Adrenalin-Eintraufelung auf den intraokularen Druck (Kontrolle: Drucksenkung). 4. Herabsetzung bis zur absoluten Starre der pupillo-motorischen Empfindlichkeit gegen das Licht (Differential-Pupilloskop nach Hess). Nun wurde diese vom Verfasser Bosmin-Starre genannte Empfindlich-keitherabsetzung der Pupille genauer und systematisch erforscht. Die Versuchsergebnisse sind folgende: 1. Die pupillo-motorische Empfindlichkeit gegen das Licht bei gesunden Kaninchen ist durchschnittlich ca. 0.900 (nach Hess) an beiden Augen (R: 0.893, L: 0.894). 2. Dieselbe bei B-V Kaninchen wurde an 20 Tieren, die 33 bis 190 Injektionen bekamen, genau gemessen und die bekommenen Z?hlen sind folgende: Empfindlichkeit (E) 0 an 9 Augen, E unter 0.50 an 11 Augen, E unter 0.70 an 9 Augen, E unter 0.80 an 5 Augen und E uber 0.80 an 6 Augen. Es wurden weiter merkwurdige Ergebnisse an dem Verhalten der Bosmin-Starre , insbesondere an ihrem innigen Zusammenhang mit dem obersten Halsganglion konstatiert: 1. Unterbrechung der Injektion verursacht eine allmahliche Wiederherstellung der pupillo-motorischen Empfindlichkeit, welche in ca. 30 Ta

Selective Determination of HOCl in Environmental Water Samples and Real-Time Detection of HOCl Levels in Live Cells via Ratio Fluorescence Imaging Based on Eu³⁺-Modified and Carbon Dot-Encapsulated Metal Organic Frameworks

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is one kind of significant ROS and a typical environmental pollution, which is closely linked to our food chain and threatens human health. Hence, a dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe (N-CDs@Eu-UiO-66-(COOH)2) for sensitive and specific determination of HOCl was fabricated based on Eu3+-modified and carbon dot-encapsulated MOFs. The N-CDs were encapsulated into MOFs, which can greatly improve their photostability and resistance to photobleaching in aqueous solution. The N-CDs@UiO-66-(COOH)2 was modified by Eu3+ ions, which can emit the red characteristic fluorescence of Eu3+ ions via the antenna effect. HOCl can quench the fluorescence of N-CDs through oxidizing hydroxyl groups on its surface, while the characteristic fluorescence of Eu3+ remains unchanged. The ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe of N-CDs@Eu-UiO-66-(COOH)2 was thus fabricated for detecting HOCl. The nanoprobe has high sensitivity and selectivity, and its LOD (3σ/K) can attain 15.0 nM. Moreover, the N-CDs@Eu-UiO-66-(COOH)2 nanoprobe can also be applied for real-time detection of HOCl levels in the live cells via ratio fluorescence imaging, which can serve as a noninvasive tool for sensitively detecting fluctuations of HOCl levels in the living cells. This work can provide a promising application in environmental monitoring and real-time monitoring HOCl levels in vivo

Additional file 1: of The choice and preference for public-private health care among urban residents in China: evidence from a discrete choice experiment

Questionnaire. (DOCX 24 kb

Benefits of expressive writing in reducing test anxiety: A randomized controlled trial in Chinese samples

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>To explore the effect of expressive writing of positive emotions on test anxiety among senior-high-school students.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The Test Anxiety Scale (TAS) was used to assess the anxiety level of 200 senior-high-school students. Seventy-five students with high anxiety were recruited and divided randomly into experimental and control groups. Each day for 30 days, the experimental group engaged in 20 minutes of expressive writing of positive emotions, while the control group was asked to merely write down their daily events. A second test was given after the month-long experiment to analyze whether there had been a reduction in anxiety among the sample. Quantitative data was obtained from TAS scores. The NVivo10.0 software program was used to examine the frequency of particular word categories used in participants’ writing manuscripts.</p><p>Results</p><p>Senior-high-school students indicated moderate to high test anxiety. There was a significant difference in post-test results (<i>P</i> < 0.001), with the experimental group scoring obviously lower than the control group. The interaction effect of group and gender in the post-test results was non-significant (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Students’ writing manuscripts were mainly encoded on five code categories: cause, anxiety manifestation, positive emotion, insight and evaluation. There was a negative relation between positive emotion, insight codes and test anxiety. There were significant differences in the positive emotion, anxiety manifestation, and insight code categories between the first 10 days’ manuscripts and the last 10 days’ ones.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Long-term expressive writing of positive emotions appears to help reduce test anxiety by using insight and positive emotion words for Chinese students. Efficient and effective intervention programs to ease test anxiety can be designed based on this study.</p></div

ANCOVA results for pre-test TAS scores.

<p>ANCOVA results for pre-test TAS scores.</p

CONSORT flow diagram.

<p>CONSORT flow diagram.</p

Example of the cause code.

<p>Example of the cause code.</p

The codes that make up the codebook.

<p>The codes that make up the codebook.</p

Baseline demographic characteristics of 75 participants.

<p>Baseline demographic characteristics of 75 participants.</p

ANOVA results the standardized residuals.

<p>ANOVA results the standardized residuals.</p