Religion, politics, and the environment in rural America

Reflecting the heterogeneous nature of rural America, rural Americans are divided primarily along religious lines on their perspectives of environmental conservation and climate change. And as rural voters and environmental issues become key issues in the upcoming presidential election, this religious divide presents a challenge to political candidates

WELL-BEING AS A MEASURE OF INEQUALITY AMONG THE RETIREMENT-AGE POPULATION: AN EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE OF PLACE, MIGRATION, AND SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS IN SHAPING HAPPY AND HEALTHY OLDER AMERICANS

The proportion of the U.S. population comprised of seniors – those aged 65 and older – is projected to increase from 13% presently to 20% by 2030. With this demographic change, it is important to consider how older residents are faring, which older residents do best, and what communities are doing to support this population. Rather than examining income or wealth as a dependent variable, I predict two measures of well-being among older U.S. residents– one subjective and one objective. By linking survey data of the 50 and older population from the 2010 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to a variety of county-level statistics from several government databases, this dissertation characterizes each respondent’s community with respect to its demographics, economic structure, natural environment, social norms, and presence of community institutions. I examine the impact of individual and community characteristics, as well as whether someone had migrated within the last four years, on predicting well-being. My findings suggest that certain community variables may influence well-being – namely that social institutions may need to be tailored to support the needs of older residents and that counties we think of as privileged counties (with respect to the racial and socioeconomic make-up of its residents) may need to do more to serve older residents. In sum though, these county characteristics have a very minimal impact in predicting the well-being of older residents. The predictors that seemed to matter more were those of the individuals aged 50 and over themselves: their demographic characteristics, employment status, health, and social connectedness all mattered with respect to understanding which individuals were doing well. Whether someone had moved to a new county in the last four years did not appear to offer value to predicting well-being in a causal manner

Jobs, natural resources, and community resilience: A survey of southeast Alaskans about social and environmental change

As part of the Community and Environment in Rural America (CERA) project, researchers at the Carsey Institute surveyed 1,541 residents of the ten boroughs and unincorporated census areas in Southeast Alaska to better understand social and environmental change in the region and their implications for Alaskan community and families. The authors of this brief report that social problems in the extremely isolated region of Southeast Alaska such as crime and drug use are closely related to economic distress, particularly in small outlying communities

Beliefs about development versus environmental tradeoffs in the Puget Sound region

Using data from a phone survey of 1,980 Puget Sound residents conducted in 2012, this fact sheet outlines residents’ views about the importance of environmental protection as well as their opinions about energy development, protection of wild salmon, and land use regulation. Seventy-four percent of Puget Sound residents believe that protecting the environment should be a priority even if it means limiting economic growth. The majority of residents favor both increased use of renewable energy (82 percent) and protecting wild salmon (75 percent). Residents are more divided about curbing development, with those from rural areas being more apt to prioritize protecting private property rights over regulating land use. Read more about Communities and Coastal Restoration in the Puget Sound Region

Urban-rural differences in concern about the environment and jobs in the Puget Sound region

Using data from a phone survey of 1,980 Puget Sound residents conducted in 2012, this fact sheet examines the severity of different environmental problems and compares the strength of concern about the lack of jobs and beliefs about the environment. Too few jobs and the loss of wildlife habitat were the two community issues most likely to be ranked as important problems among residents of Puget Sound. Environmental concern is higher among urban than rural residents, while those in rural areas are more likely than urbanites to believe the lack of jobs is a threat to their community. Read more about Communities and Coastal Restoration in the Puget Sound Region

Public perceptions of environmental management in the Puget Sound region

Using data from a phone survey of 1,980 Puget Sound residents conducted in 2012, this fact sheet describes public perceptions of different environmental interventions. Puget Sound residents widely support a range of proposed interventions designed to protect and restore the marine environment. These proposals include restricting boating and shipping activities to protect marine mammals such as killer whales and sea lions; more strongly enforcing existing environmental rules and regulations; spending government money to restore the environment for fish and wildlife; and providing tax credits to businesses that voluntarily reduce their environmental impact. Residents are divided about whether existing environmental regulations have benefited their community. Read more about Communities and Coastal Restoration in the Puget Sound Region

Charting a Future Course for Development: Natural Resources, Conservation, and Community Character in Coastal Alaska

Dramatic social changes are occurring across rural America as traditional natural resource-based industries such as fishing and forestry decline, and amenity-driven development attracts new residents and visitors. These changes are altering not only the economies and cultural identities of rural communities, but also entire regions where seemingly similar towns respond to these social and economic shifts in distinct ways. Using survey data from 1,541 residents of Southeast Alaska, we examine individual views regarding the role of fishing, forestry, and tourism in this region’s economic future. We also assess beliefs about the importance of conserving natural resources and the preservation of the area’s cultural character within new development efforts. Findings show that social factors such as age, education, political party affiliation, and individuals’ economic well-being, along with place of residence explain diverging views. Given the changing demographics and the shifting interconnections between different communities within rural regions, these results illustrate the importance of designing investigations that capture broad regional trends while also highlighting the key place-specific factors that shape beliefs about natural resource-related industries and the priorities for future rural development activities

Beliefs about Development Versus Environmental Tradeoffs in the Puget Sound Region

Policymakers face difficult decisions as they attempt to balance competing calls for increased developmentand environmental protection. In the Puget Sound region of Washington State, population growth and the needfor housing and energy have brought these types of tradeoffs to the forefront. Using data from a phone survey of 1,980 residents, researchers from the Carsey Institute and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries investigated public perceptions of environmental concerns across Puget Sound. This fact sheet outlines residents' views about the importance of environmental protection as well as their opinions about energy development, protection of wild salmon, and land use regulation

JSIT21-03: SSI Policy and Homeownership: Patterns Across Categories of Disability and Race

For low- and middle-income households, homeownership is a pathway to building wealth and to ensuring stable and secure housing. People with disabilities, low-income households, and Black families all experience substantially lower rate of homeownership than others. A large body of literature examines the historical and policy context for these outcomes for each of these populations. Of note, each of these groups is substantially overrepresented among those receiving Supplemental Security Income, or SSI. SSI is a means-tested federal program, with varying levels of additional state support, that provides monthly income to those who are blind or disabled. Recipients may not own assets totaling more than $2,000 (or$3,000 per married couple). While homes are excluded from this assessment, the strict cap on savings generally means that SSI recipients who do not already own a home when they begin to receive benefits cannot accrue enough savings to qualify for a mortgage. There is a gap in the literature on homeownership patterns in that it does not examine the role of SSI receipt or SSI policy. Using data from the 2019 American Community Survey, this analysis explores the relative importance of SSI receipt in influencing homeownership among these populations by using logistic regression to examine the impact of each of these characteristics – having a disability, receiving SSI income, being low-income, or being Black – on the odds of homeownership, controlling for other demographic measures. In addition, I present marginal effects to identify the average predicted probabilities of homeownership for these populations to demonstrate the extent to which SSI asset limits impact each of these groups differently and I discuss how this may be a contributing factor to the racial wealth gap