On the Dual Nature of Weak Property Rights

In the natural resource literature, convertional wisdom holds that weak property rights will cause a resource to be over-exploited. This is because weak property rights are typically perceived as a problem of input exclusion. In this paper, we first present evidence to the effect that weak property rights often take the form of contestable output- or output theft - and that this has an impact or resource use. We then propose a theoretical model of natural resource use under generally weak prperty rights - or weak state presence - when resource users face the dual problem of input exclusion output appropriation. We show that introducing the possibility that outputs can be contested acts as an output tax, with the added twist that resource users effectively determine the level of the tax. This tax has a depressive effect on input use. As a result, whether the resource is under-or over-exploited in equilibrium will depend on the relative severity of output appropriation and input exclusion problems when property rights are generally weak.Natural Resources, Property Rights, Trespass, Theft, Over-Exploitation,Under-Exploitation

DNA, Genetic Material, and A Look at Property Rights: Why You May Be Your Brother\u27s Keeper

This Comment evaluates concerns regarding familial DNA testing, surreptitious genetic testing, and genetic privacy. Accordingly, this Comment looks at how various courts addressed these issues, legislative remedies at the state and federal level, and potential dangers of over-legislating. Finally, this Comment recommends a legislative solution

The Art of Power: Ambiguity, Adornment, and the Performance of Social Position in the Pompeian House.

In the tumultuous period between 80 BCE and 79 CE, social actors in the Italian Peninsula struggled to effectively articulate their positions in connection to the new political landscape of Rome. For these individuals, power was constructed visually; visual markers from jewelry and wall paintings to monumental temples and arches all acted as materializations of personal and social power intended to express physical presence and to reinforce personal, social, and political boundaries; while such boundaries are a mental construct, they are performed and maintained in the physical world, and thus require such material mediations to be made real. This dissertation asserts that self-presentation creates social realities, and that by examining material evidence associated with such acts of self-presentation—jewelry and depictions of jewelry—we can access and explore social tensions. It offers up a new paradigm for the interpretation of jewelry and depictions of dress practices in the archaeological record of Pompeii, stepping away from a system that privileges words over images to explore the ways in which interactions between adornment and viewership elucidate the creation and maintenance of social hierarchies in Pompeii. The dissertation concludes that jewelry is far more than an indicator of wealth, that adornment practices are themselves a form of socially determined knowledge, that the positive transformative power of adornment should be understood as a catalyst, and that this underutilized corpus of material offers up myriad opportunities for future research.PHDClassical Art and ArchaeologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/116772/1/nmcferri_1.pd

Letter from Porter McFerrin to Emma P. Larimore

Bill from Porter McFerrin of the Methodist Episcopal Church South Publishing House to Emma P. Larimore for the manufacturing of Our Corner Book. The one-page letter is typewritten on Methodist Episcopal Church South Publishing House letterhead and has handwritten notes on the back

Elementary reactions involved in pollutant-forming mechanisms

The reactions of the hydroxyl radical (OH) with molecular chlorine (Reaction 1), methane (Reaction 2), and propane (Reaction 3) have been studied experimentally using a pulsed laser photolysis/pulsed-laser-induced fluorescence technique over wide ranges of temperatures (297-826, 298-1009, and 296-908 K, respectively) and at pressures between 6.68 and 24.15 kPascals. The rate coefficients for these reactions exhibit no dependence on pressure and exhibit positive temperature dependences that can be represented with modified three-parameter Arrhenius expressions within their corresponding temperature ranges: k1 = 3.59 x 10-16T1.35exp(-745K/T)cm3molecule-1sec-1, k2 = 3.82 x 10-19T2.38 exp(-1136K/T)cm3molecule-1sec-1, and k3 = 6.64 x 10-16T1.46 exp(-271K/T)cm3molecule-1sec-1. For the OH + Cl2 reaction, the potential energy surface has been studied using quantum chemical methods which suggests OH + Cl2 à HOCl + Cl as the main channel of this reaction. Density Functional Theory (DFT) along with Quadratic Configuration Interaction (QCISD(T)//DFT) calculations, with single, double, and triple electronic excitations, for the energetics of formation, stability, and reactivity of ortho-semiquinone, para-semiquinone, and the chloro-phenoxyl radicals have been performed using the 6-31G(d,p) basis set. Formation of these radicals from potential molecular precursors catechol, hydroquinone, and the chloro-phenols is readily achieved under combustion conditions through unimolecular scission of the phenoxyl-hydrogen bond or abstraction of the phenoxyl hydrogen by a hydrogen atom or hydroxyl radical. The resulting radicals are resonance stabilized and resist decomposition and oxidation. The calculations strongly suggest that combustion-generated semiquinone and chloro-phenoxyl radicals are sufficiently stable and resistant to oxidation to be considered persistent in the atmospheric environment. Semiquinone radicals (ortho- and para-hydroxy substituted phenoxyl radicals and various derivatives) are suspected to be biologically active and may lead to DNA damage, pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, and liver dysfunction. These radicals thought to be highly stable with low reactivity due to resonance stabilization including both carbon-centered and oxygen-centered radical resonance structures and been reported in cigarette tar. Chloro-phenoxyl radicals, on the other hand, are implicated in polychlorinated-dibenzodioxin and -dibenzofuran formation mechanisms, EPA pollutants, in the low temperature sections of hazardous waste combustion

The influence of Thomas Jefferson's democratic principles upon Abraham Lincoln's thinking on the question of slavery

This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

The Intersection of Place and the Economy

Examines urban demographic shifts; links between built environments and economic trends of globalization and production of tradable goods and services, technological innovation, and a low-carbon imperative; and policy implications for sustainable growth

High Noon On the Western Range: A Property Rights Analysis of the Johnson County War

Wyoming\u27s Johnson County War of 1892 is the historical basis of later popular depictions of the West as violent, and it influenced the development of Wyoming. Many see this era as the end of the open range system and the ascendancy of stock ranching and farming. Popular depiction argues that the event was an act of vigilantism of large foreign-owned firms against small individual settlers. We argue that the war was a conflict of property rights systems and use a model developed by Alston, Libecap, and Mueller to explain why violence broke out in Johnson County in 1892