Computational investigations of folded self-avoiding walks related to protein folding

Various subsets of self-avoiding walks naturally appear when investigating existing methods designed to predict the 3D conformation of a protein of interest. Two such subsets, namely the folded and the unfoldable self-avoiding walks, are studied computationally in this article. We show that these two sets are equal and correspond to the whole $n$-step self-avoiding walks for $n\leqslant 14$, but that they are different for numerous $n \geqslant 108$, which are common protein lengths. Concrete counterexamples are provided and the computational methods used to discover them are completely detailed. A tool for studying these subsets of walks related to both pivot moves and proteins conformations is finally presented.Comment: Not yet submitte

Radiological Particularities of Apocrine Breast Carcinoma: A Case Study and Literature Review

Apocrine carcinoma is a rare form of breast carcinoma. We report the case of a 35-year-old female with a tumor over 4 cm in the major axis located in the inner median quadrant of the right breast. Mammography revealed a breast mass hosting microcalcification. Breast ultrasound highlighted three suspect masses requiring histological verification by micro biopsy; histological diagnosis favored apocrine carcinoma

Clinical and Biological Profile of Metastatic Colorectal Cancers Treated at the Bejaia University Hospital Center. About a Series of 93 Patients

In Algeria, the incidence of colorectal cancer has risen alarmingly, ranking it as the second most common cancer. Our study focused on 93 individuals with metastatic colorectal cancer diagnosed at the CHU of Bejaia between January 2018 and April 2022. Our aim was to describe the clinical and molecular profiles of these patients, as well as associated risk factors.The results of the epidemiological study show a steady increase in the incidence of metastatic colorectal cancer, a male predominance (sex ratio of 2.7) and an average age of 63 years. Most patients had few known risk factors for colorectal cancer.Clinical symptoms were dominated by rectal discharge, abdominal pain, iron-deficiency anemia, and transit disorders. Nine patients underwent emergency surgery for intestinal obstruction.Anatomopathological study revealed a predominance of liberkühnian adenocarcinomas, mainly well-differentiated. The most frequent primary location was the left colon. Metastases were most frequently found in the liver (63% of cases).Molecular analysis revealed mutations in at least one gene involved in colorectal cancer in 62.4% of patients. The most frequent mutation was in RAS, present in 37.6% of cases

Sacral Chordoma: A Case Study

Chordomas are rare tumors of dysembryoplastic origin that differentiate from remnants of the notochord, an embryonic structure that typically disappears before birth. These tumors particularly localize to the sacrum and coccyx. The clinical evolution is slow, explaining the late diagnosis. Both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are useful for diagnosis and staging. There are several anatomopathological forms. Treatment relies on surgery, with radiotherapy potentially being associated, particularly in infiltrating and inoperable forms. Recurrences can occur following optimal surgical treatment. Prognosis varies and depends on several factors

Epidemiological and Histological Characteristics of Polyps Detected with Positive Tests During Mass Screening in the Wilaya of Béjaia

Detection of polyps during screening colonoscopy has improved significantly in recent years. This results in an increase in the detection rate of adenomas thanks in particular to technological innovations ( chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine or electronic) and the training of gastroenterologists, which is inversely correlated with the occurrence of colorectal cancer. The main objective of our study is to describe the epidemiological profile and histological characteristics of polyps and adenomas detected during a mass screening operation for colorectal cancer in a healthy population in the wilaya of Bejaia. The total number of polyps found in our target population is 196 in 89 people. A person can have a minimum of 1 polyp and a maximum of 6 polyps, the average number of polyps per person is 2 polyps, 43% of the population participating in mass screening for colorectal cancer have at least one polyp and 28% have two polyps

Portal Embolization: Algerian Experience

Portal embolization is an interventional radiology technique aimed at occluding the right portal branches to induce hypertrophy of the remaining liver. In this article, we will discuss the experience of the radiology department at Bab el Oued University Hospital

Trans-Jugular Portosystemic Shunt (TIPSS): A Study of 31 Cases

This scientific report presents a retrospective analysis of 31 cases undergoing Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPSS) placement. The study, conducted at a single center, aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TIPSS in managing complications of portal hypertension. The main indications for TIPSS placement included variceal bleeding, refractory ascites, and Budd-Chiari syndrome. The procedural success rate was high, with only a small number of cases requiring re-intervention due to shunt occlusion. Significant improvements were observed in controlling ascites and variceal bleeding, although complications such as hepatic encephalopathy were noted. Despite these challenges, TIPSS emerged as a valuable intervention for patients with advanced liver disease and its associated complications. This study underscores the importance of TIPSS in the management of portal hypertension and highlights the need for further research to optimize patient selection and refine procedural techniques

Embolization for Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: A Mono-Centric Retrospective Study

Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a chronic condition characterized by chronic pelvic pain, often associated with pelvic varicose veins. Endovascular embolization has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment option for PCS, but there is limited data on its long-term efficacy and safety. In this retrospective study, we analyze the outcomes of embolization procedures performed for PCS at our institution over a specified period. Patient selection, procedural techniques, and clinical outcomes are evaluated, with a focus on pain relief, quality of life improvements, and incidence of complications. Our findings provide valuable insights into the role of embolization in the management of PCS and contribute to the existing literature on this topic

Splenetic Torsion on Ectopic Spleen: A Case Report

Splenic volvulus, a rare torsion of the spleen around its vascular axis, can lead to severe tissue necrosis without prompt treatment. Underlying anatomical factors such as elongation of the splenic pedicle and ligament laxity increase the risk of torsion. Diagnosis is often made during emergency surgical intervention due to the rarity of the condition and the lack of specificity of symptoms. A 30-year-old woman presented with acute abdominal symptoms accompanied by fever, leading to emergency laparotomy revealing splenic volvulus. Imaging, particularly computed tomography, plays a crucial role in diagnosis. Treatment typically involves splenectomy in cases of necrosis. Wandering spleen, usually caused by ligament hyperlaxity, is a rare but important entity to recognize, often requiring surgical intervention to prevent serious complications

Angular Pregnancy, a Rare Entity of Ectopic Pregnancy

The angular extra uterine pregnancy is a particular pathology because of its clinical presentation, its diagnosis and its management, with an increased risk of rupture. We report a case of ovarian extra uterine pregnancy managed laparoscopically