Metabolic responses to reductions in pre- and post-exercise rapid-acting insulin dose during the experimental trials.

<p>NOTE: Data presented as mean ± SEM. β-OH  =  β-Hydroxybutyrate. Test meal and insulin were administered immediately following rest and pre-meal sample points.</p><p>* indicates significantly different from Full (<i>p</i>≤0.05).</p>†<p>indicates significantly different from rest.</p>‡<p>indicates significantly different from pre-meal.</p><p>NOTE: Exercise commenced 60 minutes after rest.</p

A–B. Time-course changes in IL-6 (A) and TNF-α (B) from rest.

<p>Full  =  black squares, 50%  =  black diamond.* indicates significantly different from Full (<i>p</i><0.05). Transparent sample point within a condition indicates a significant difference from pre-exercise meal concentrations (<i>p</i><0.05). Vertical dashed line break indicates post-exercise intervention. NOTE: test meal and insulin were administered immediately following rest and meal sample points.</p

Counter-regulatory responses to reductions in pre- and post-exercise rapid-acting insulin dose during the experimental trials.

<p>NOTE: Data presented as mean ± SEM. Test meal and insulin were administered immediately following rest and pre-meal sample points.</p><p>* indicates significantly different from Full (<i>p</i>≤0.05).</p>†<p>indicates significantly different from rest.</p>‡<p>indicates significantly different from pre-meal.</p><p>NOTE: Exercise commenced 60 minutes after rest.</p

A–B. Time-course changes in serum insulin (A) and blood glucose (B) from rest.

<p>Full  =  black squares, 50%  =  black diamond.* indicates significantly different from Full (<i>p</i><0.05). Transparent sample point within a condition indicates a significant difference from pre-exercise meal concentrations (<i>p</i><0.05). Vertical dashed line break indicates post-exercise intervention. NOTE: test meal and insulin were administered immediately following rest and meal sample points.</p