Example of epitope prediction using the novel <i>in silico</i> docking simulation model.

<p>U_dock scores of the N-terminal (Row N1–N8) and C-terminal (Column C1–C8) was calculated and their sum was scored as the U_dock score (kcal/mol) of each 8 to 11-mer peptide's. The lower score indicated stronger binding between the peptide and HLA. In this example, Gag p24_263–272 KRWIILGLNK (KK10), well-known as one of the best-defined epitopes, scored −137.11 kcal/mol against HLA-B*27:05 and was the lowest (ranked as the 1st) among 26 variants in 15-mer peptide of Gag p24_258–272 VGEIYKRWIILGLNK.</p

Evaluation of best-defined epitope prediction among docking simulation model, HLArestrictor, and positives in dual models.

<p>Evaluation of best-defined epitope prediction among each model and positives in dual models were statistically evaluated, according to their sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction value (PPV) and negative prediction value (NPV) by maximum Fisher's exact test. DSM: Docking simulation model.</p

<i>In silico</i> epitope prediction for ELISpot responders carrying HLA alleles currently unknown to restrict CRF01_AE epitopes.

<p>We found 27 CRF01_AE specific CTL responses induced in patients carrying HLA alleles previously unknown to restrict CRF01_AE epitopes. Prediction of the optimal epitope within the peptide and its restricting HLA allele was performed using the <i>in silico</i> epitope prediction model HLArestrictor. In total, 19 epitope-HLA combinations were detected with binder levels defined as SB (Strong Binder), WB (Weak Binder), or CB (Combined Binder). NA: Not available, and BL: Binder level.</p

Sex differences in CD4+ T cell count, CD4% and viral load, amongst 2,101 ART-naïve South African children.

<p>A. Absolute CD4 counts changes with age. B. CD4% changes with age. C. Viral load changes with age. In each panel, the solid lines are Loess-smoothed regression lines for female children and the dotted lines are Loess-smoothed regression lines for male children. A multivariable linear regression model, with both sex and age as covariates, shows significantly lower absolute CD4 counts in males (p = 0.005); significantly lower CD4% in males (p = 3.7x10^-7); and no significant difference in viral load between the sexes.</p

Multivariate analysis of sex differences in CD4+ T cell recovery after initiating ART.

<p>^a HR: Hazard ratio</p><p>^b 95% confidential interval range</p><p>^c aHR: adjusted hazard ratio</p><p>Multivariate analysis of sex differences in CD4+ T cell recovery after initiating ART.</p

Absolute CD4 count, CD4% and viral load in HIV-infected children and HIV-uninfected neonates.

<p>^<b>a</b> Mann Whitney test</p><p><u>HIV-Infected Children, n = 2,101</u>.</p

Indications for ART Initiation in 222 children whose CD4 counts were above CD4 treatment thresholds.

<p>^a Not within the guidelines for ART initiation in children</p><p>Indications for ART Initiation in 222 children whose CD4 counts were above CD4 treatment thresholds.</p