AUT766572_Lay_Abstract – Supplemental material for Functional changes during visuo-spatial working memory in autism spectrum disorder: 2-year longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study

<p>Supplemental material, AUT766572_Lay_Abstract for Functional changes during visuo-spatial working memory in autism spectrum disorder: 2-year longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study by Vanessa M Vogan, Benjamin R Morgan, Mary Lou Smith and Margot J Taylor in Autism</p

Altered Rolandic MEG response associated with motor ability.

<p>Gamma1 (36–44 Hz) response from Rolandic cortex in the epileptogenic cortex was correlated with performance on the grooved pegboard test using both the (A) contralateral, and (B) ipsilateral hand.</p

Association of Rolandic gamma response with motor function.

*<p>p<0.05.</p

Patient demographics and clinical characteristics.

<p>Patient demographics and clinical characteristics.</p

Altered Rolandic MEG response in children with motor impairment.

<p>The amplitude of gamma1 (36–44 Hz) response was increased within the epileptogenic hemisphere of children with abnormal motor function.</p

Altered Rolandic MEG response associated with ictal desynchronization.

<p>Ictal gamma-band desynchronization of Rolandic cortex, measured using iEEG, was correlated with an atypical MEG gamma-band functional response from Rolandic cortex.</p

Intraoperative photograph showing placement of grid over right hemisphere.

<p>(A) Asterisk indicates motor hand area as determined by cortical stimulation. (B) Three-dimensional reconstruction showing grid (light pink dots), MRI lesion (dark pink area), magnetoencephalographic (MEG) cluster (green dots). Square shows 3×3 montage used for PLV analysis.</p

Differences in Rolandic phase-locking between ictal and interictal epochs (i.e. ictal phase synchronization) between children with normal and abnormal motor function across defined frequency bands.

<p>Children with motor deficits had ictal desychronization (relative to interictal period), most significantly in the gamma3 (81–150 Hz) band.</p

Linear regression of (A) motor tasks and (B) non-motor tasks with differences in clustering between ictal and interictal epochs.

<p>Extent of Rolandic ictal declustering (relative to interictal epochs) significantly correlated with the degree of motor impairment based on the Finger tap test in the contralateral, but not ipilateral hand and did not show significant correlation with non-motor deficits.</p

Graph theoretical analysis-based topographic mapping of grid showed significant local declustering in the Rolandic cortex during the ictal period relative to interictal epoch (ictal minus interictal) at 80 Hz in children with abnormal motor function.

<p>There was no significant difference between the two groups of children interictally and there was a trend towards more declustering in the ictal period (p = 0.06). There was a significant difference between the extent of ictal declustering (relative to interictal epochs) in children with normal and abnormal motor function.</p