Profil Kesehatan Ibu Hamil di Propinsi Jawa Barat dan Nusa Tenggara Barat

PROFIL KESEHATAN IBU HAMIL DI PROPINSI JAWA BARAT DAN NUSA TENGGARA BARA

Efektivitas Suplementasi Pil Besi Dua Kali Seminggu dan Satu Kali Sehari pada Ibu Hamil

Telah dilakukan penelitian ujicoba penyederhaan suplementasi pil besi dua kali seminggu pada ibu hamil dibandingkan dengan supplementasi pil besi setiap hari dengan dosis yang sama. Penelitian dilakukan di 16 desa, 8 desa di Propinsi Jawa Barat dan 8 desa di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Secara rabdom dibagi menjadi 2 wilayah penelitian yaitu 8 desa pelakuan dan 8 desa kontrol. Di wilayah perlakuan ibu hamil memperoleh supplementasi pil besi 2 x seminggu dan wilayah kontrol ibu hamil memperoleh supplementasi seperti biasa yaitu minum setiap hari. Subjek penelitian adalah ibu hamil dengan umur kehamilan 3-6 bulan. Di wilayah perlakuan diperoleh ibu hamil sebanyak 129 orang dan di wilayah kontrol diperoleh 132 orang. Dosis pil besi yang diberikan adalah pil besi fero sulfat dengan kandungan besi 60 mg dan 0.25 mg asam folat. Supplementasi pil besi diberikan selama 3 bulan (14 minggu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) jumlah pil besi yang diminum ibu hamil di wilayah perlakuan sebanyak 22 pil dan wilayah kontrol 51 pil, 2) supplementasi pil besi dua kali seminggu dapat meningkatkan kadar Hb ibu hamil sebesar 0.4±0.628 g/dl dan dapat meningkatkan kadar Hb ibu hamil (khusus yang anemia) sebesar 0.5±0.802 g/dl 3) supplementasi pil besi setiap hari dapat meningkatkan kadar Hb ibu hamil sebesar 0.5±0.561 g/dl dan dapat meningkatkan kadar Hb ibu hamil (khusus yang anemia) sebesar 0.6±0.541 g/dl, 4) supplementasi pil besi dua kali seminggu dan setiap hari selama 14 minggu belum dapat meningkatkan cadangan besi dalam tubuh, dan 5) dilihat dari kenaikan kadar Hb ibu hamil supplementasi pil besi dua kali seminggu sama efektifnya dengan supplementasi pil besi setiap hari

Hubungan Antara Zinc Serum Dengan Status Gizi Lansia

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ZINC SERUM AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE.Background: The findings of study that 30% in Bogor and 27% in Jakarta of elderly people were undernourished. Malnutrition may occur due to infection and low food intake. Among elderly people, one of the factors that causes low food intake is affected by impairment of taste sensory and teeth function. The impairment of taste sensory is influenced by zinc status in the body.Objective: To collect food consumption pattem data of zinc rich foods, zinc concentration in serum and to analyze association of zinc concentration and nutritional status.Methods: Research design was cross sectional, and conducted in two sub districts in Bogor city. The respondents were women in 60-75 years of age, no suffering from illnesses and chronically disease. The total respondent was 90 people, and divided into three groups of 30 peoples. Data gathered included respondent identity, physical examination, anthropometry, blood biochemical and zinc dietary consumption.Results: Zinc dietary consumption adequacy of underweight group was only 30% of recommended dietary allowance, while for normal and overweight groups were 40% of dietary allowance. Zinc serum concentration of underweight group (82 ug/dl) was not significantly different with normal group (85 ug/dl), however differed significantly (p<0.05) with overweight group (95 ug/dl). Underweight group suffered 40% zinc deficiency, 27% for normal and only 7% for overweight group.Conclusions: Zinc deficiency was more prevalent in underweight group than that of normal and overweight group. [Panel Gizi Makan 2002,25: 26-33)

Hubungan Konsumsi Makanan dengan Kinerja Pekerja Wanita

Berbagai USAha telah dilakukan produsen untuk meningkatkan mutu dan jumlah produk oleh Perusahaan. Dalam upaya tersebut disamping aspek teknologi, hal lain yang harus diperhatikan adalah kualitas sumberdaya manusia. Salah satu USAha untuk memperoleh pekerja yang berkualitas tinggi adalah perbaikan atau pengaturan konsumsi makanan. Makanan pagi juga makan siang bagi pekerja yang sesuai dengan kecukupan akan dapat mempertahankan kebugaran tubuhnya guna menghasilkan kinerja yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan konsumsi makanan dengan kinerja pekerja. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah pekerja wanita yang bekerja di bagian produksi (bekerja secara manual), berumur antara 19-40 tahun, masa kerja di atas 5 tahun, tidak menderita penyakit menahun dan tidak anemi. Dari jenis pekerjaan termasuk pekerja ringan dan pekerja sedang. Data utama yang dikumpulkan: 1) Antropometri, 2) Konsumsi makanan dan zat gizi (energi, protein, lemak dan hidrat arang), 3) Glukosa darah: 2 jam setelah makan pagi dan 2 jam setelah makan siang, 4) Pola kegiatan di tempat kerja, 5) Hasil produksi. Penelitian dilakukan di pabrik jamu Air Mancur Solo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: a) semua pekerja makan pagi sebelum mulai bekerja, namun rata-rata jumlah energi yang dikonsumsi kurang dari 400 Kkal, b) glukosa darah pekerja dengan makan pagi cukup (250 Kkal) tidak berbeda nyata dengan kadar glukosa pekerja dengan makan pagi <200 Kkal, c) tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan hasil produksi pagi dan siang, d) kelompok pekerja dengan makan pagi cukup (>250 Kkal) mempunyai hasil produksi yang lebih baik daripada kelompok pekerja dengan makan pagi kurang (<200 Kkal), dan e) ada hubungan positif dan nyata antara konsumsi energi sehari dengan jumlah produksi sehari

Keseimbangan Energi Dan Komposisi Tubuh Pekerja Dengan Jenis Pekerjaan Berbeda

Background: Energy is a main source for doing daily activities. The energy is balance if the energy intake equal to energy expenditure. However energy expenditure depends on their kind of occupational work and their daily activities. The objective of this study is to assess the energy balance and body composition of male workers (light and heavy worker). Methods: The subjects were 51 sandal workers considered as light level workers and 50 stone as heavy workers whose met criteria 30-55 years old, physically healthy and agreed to involve in this study. Body composition was measured using anthropometry. Anthropometric measurement was applied including body weight, height, MUAC and skin fold thickness. Nutrient intake was collected by combination weighing and 24 hours recall method for 3 consecutive days. Physical activities during working were assess by recording and recall their activities after doing their occupational activities, also for 3 consecutive days. Other data collection include physical examination by a medical doctor and interview was done to identified their characteristic and sosiodemografi. Results: The body fat composition was different significantly between light worker and heavy worker. The average energy and protein intake showed the heavy worker had lower both nutrient intakes compared to light workers. The average energy intake of light worker was 1923 ± 295 Kcal and 41.6 ± 8.99 g protein, while the energy and protein intake heavy worker was 2232 ± 500 Kcal and 46.7 ± 14.7 g protein. The energy expenditure of heavy worker was higher compared to light worker (3548 ± 414 Kcal vs 2408 ± 227 Kcal). There was no significant correlation between energy balance and body composition variables. Conclusions: Heavy male workers as well as light male workers have deficit energy and this no significant correlation with the body composition variable. [Penel Gizi Makan 2005,28(1): 1-8]

Status Gizi Balita Di Kabupaten Bogor Pada Krisis Ekonomi

NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF UNDERFIVE YEARS CHILDREN DURING ECONOMIC CRISIS AT BOGOR DISTRICT.Background: The relationships between nutritional status, growth and development of vital organ have been published else where. The increasing of body weight and height can be used as indicators of good nutritional status of ctildren under five of age. The prevalence of severe malnutrition of children under five years lends to increase. Vitamin A deficiency and anemia were also still problems in Indonesia. The periodic information about nutritional status of children less than five years of age is important.Method: The assessment of nutritional status of under five children had been conducted in the area of 10 Puskesmas in Kabupaten Bogor. The selection of these areas based on the survey in 1992. Data collection was carried out twice in April 1999 and November 1999. The assessment included vitamin A status, anthropometry and hemoglobin level.Results: The result shows there was no case of xerophthalmia among the children. However, analysis shows that 7.3% children under five of age have serum vitamin A level below 10 ug/dl in April 1999 and 6.8 in November 1999.The prevalence of severe malnutrition based on weight for age tend to increase 3.1% (in 1992), 3.9% (in April 1999), and 4.4% (in November 1999). The prevalence of underweight significantly increased (p<0.05) from 11.4% to 24%. The prevalence of wasting also shows significantly increased both at 0-23 months and 24-60 months of age from 4.7% to 13.9% and 6.3 to 11.6% respectively. The prevalence of stunting not significantly increased. The prevalence of anemia increased from 41.7% in 1992 to 48.7% in April 1999 and 49.2% in November 1999. However, the increase was not significant statistically

Pendayagunaan Kelembagaan Swadaya Masyarakat (Lsm) dalam Upaya Peningkatan Cakupan Distribusi Pil Besi

Telah dilakukan penelitian "Pendayagunaan Kelembagaan Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) dalam Upaya Peningkatan Cakupan Distribusi Pil Besi". Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari dan mengidentifikasi lembaga-lembaga swadaya masyarakat yang berpotensi untuk dilibatkan dalam upaya peningkatan cakupan distribusi pil besi. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga propinsi yaitu Jawa Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) dan Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Wilayah penelitian di Jawa Barat adalah Kabupaten Cianjur, meliputi 7 desa perlakuan dan 7 desa kontrol, di NTB penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Lombok Barat meliputi 5 desa perlakuan dan 5 desa kontrol. Di NTT penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Kupang, meliputi 10 desa perlakuan dan 10 desa kontrol. Di desa perlakuan distribusi pil besi dilakukan oleh kader LSM melalui forum pengajian disamping jalur biasa (Posyandu), sedangkan di desa-desa kontrol distribusi pil besi dilakukan seperti biasanya yaitu melalui Posyandu. Petugas LSM yang terlibat di Jawa Barat adalah anggota pengurus Majelis Ulama tingkat Kecamatan, Majelis Ta'lim dan Karang Taruna. Petugas LSM di NTB adalah anggota/pengurus Fatayat NU, Muslimat Nahdlatul Wathon, Nasiyatul Aisiyah Muhamadiyah, Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Bayyinul Ulum. Di NTT petugas LSM yang terlibat adalah kader masyarakat setempat binaan PLAN International. Petugas LSM di Jawa Barat berperan sebagai motivator, sedangkan di NTB dan NTT berperan sebagai motivator dan distribusi pil besi. Setelah kegiatan berlangsung 3 bulan, di Jawa Barat terjadi kenaikan cakupan distribusi pil besi di daerah perlakuan sebesar 17.4% dan kontrol sebesar 7.6% (p>0.05). Rataan pil besi yang diminum selama 3 bulan per ibu di daerah perlakuan sebanyak 60 pil lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan daerah kontrol sebesar 44 pil. Rataan kenaikan kadar Hb di daerah perlakuan sebesar 0.6±1.438 g/dl dan di daerah kontrol sebesar 0.4±0.744 g/dl (p>0.05). Di NTB terjadi kenaikan cakupan distribusi pil besi di wilayah perlakuan sebesar 22.3% lebih tinggi secara bermakna (p<0.05) daripada di daerah kontrol sebesar 10.6%. Rataan pil besi yang diminum di daerah perlakuan sebesar 85 pil, lebih tinggi secara bermakna (p<0.05) daripada daerah kontrol (60 pil). Rataan kenaikan kadar Hb di daerah perlakuan sebesar 0.6±1.146 g/dl dan di daerah kontrol sebesar 0.3±1.130 g/dl dan secara statistik berbeda bermakna (p<0.05). Di NTT, meskipun cakupan distribusi pil besi di daerah perlakuan lebih tinggi (14.2%) daripada di daerah kontrol (6.6%), tetapi perbedaan tersebut tidak bermakna. Rataan pil besi yang diminum per ibu hamil selama 3 bulan di daerah perlakuan 52 pil dan di daerah kontrol sebesar 40 pil. Kenaikan kadar Hb di daerah perlakuan sama dengan di daerah kontrol yaitu sebesar 0.4 g/dl

Efektivitas Suplementasi Vitamin a Dosis Tinggi Terhadap Tingkat Penyembuhan Dan Status Imun Anak Balita Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru

Effectiveness of High Dose Vitamin A Supplementation on The Recovery Rate and Immune Status of Underfive Children Suffering From Tuberculosis.Tuberculosis (TB), the infectious disease, is still one of the health problems in Indonesia. TB does not just make the people sick physically, but also interfere the immunity. As we have known that vitamin A can improve the immunity. The aimed of this randomized double blind study was to know the effect of high dose vitamin A on the improvement, immune status and the relationship between vitamin A and immune status in TB. Sixtyfive underfive children were selected from the Pediatrics Wards for out patient in Salak and Clsarua Hospital. They were grouped into 11 treatment group who received standard regimen therapy for TB plus high dose vitamin A in each month for 6 months and 21 control group who received the same TB regimen plus placebo also in each month for 6 months. Data on physical examination, weight, height, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), blood sedimen rate (BSR), serum vitamin A, immunoglobulin G (IgG) to TB, chest X ray (CXR) and food consumption were collected before and after (6 months) intervention. Information on morbidity and socioeconomic also were recorded. To evaluate the degree of improvement, score on nutritional status, BSR and CXR were made. The results showed that after 6 month there were improvement in anthropometry status, morbidity rate, Hb, Ht, BSR, IgG and CXR for both groups. The treatment group was improved in 7.2% subjects meanwhile the control group was improved in 58% subjects. Analysis for scoring improvement showed that the treatment group had better improvement 2,4 times than the control group. The conclusions are that the high dose vitamin A has a positive effect on the recovery and immune status of underfive children suffering TB. This study suggests to give high dose vitamin A to the regimen therapy for TB in children to get better results