A study in music visualization

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Report on fresh-water copepoda from Panama, with descriptions of new species

These collections were made by Meek and Hildebrand, in connection with their work on fishes in the seasons of 1911 and 1912, by Goldman in 1912, and by Marsh who was present in Panama for four weeks in 1912 for the express purpose of making such collections. Most of the collections were made within the limits of the Canal Zone. A few collections were made in eastern Colombia, some on Rio Bayana and its tributaries, some on the Chagres and Trinidad outside the Zone and some in the neighborhood of Chorrera and of old Panama... (Document has 33 pages

Streamlining: development, theory, and practical application

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Nondoxastic Attitudes and Religious Propositions

Doxastic (from the Greek work doxa, meaning belief) attitudes are those propositional attitudes that are equivalent to, or entail, belief. Discussions of faith, particularly its rationality, generally presume that it is doxastic. There are, however, numerous nondoxastic attitudes; why presume that faith is doxastic? Instead of belief, can faith be analyzed in terms of nondoxastic attitudes? Does faith that God exists always entail a belief that God exists? Hope is one example of a nondoxastic attitude. If one has hope that God exists, does that mean that one has faith that God exists? Acceptance is another nondoxastic attitude. Is accepting the tenets of a religion sufficient to make one a person of faith? It has also been suggested that the attitude of faith is a distinct, irreducible, nondoxastic attitude. What implications does this approach to faith have for the evaluation of faith? In what follows, it will be argued that faith can be analyzed in terms of nondoxastic attitudes; faith that God exists need not entail a belief that God exists. All three of the aforementioned nondoxastic attitudes (acceptance, hope, and faith) are viable approaches to faith. Furthermore, it will be argued that a distinct nondoxastic approach to faith (fiducial faith) is preferable for its benefits. These include, an important volitional component, important differences in its grounds for rationality, and recognition of an attitudinal component in faith

Crystal structure of the yellow 1:2 molecular complex lumiflavin–bisnaphthalene-2,3-diol

In the first molecular complex of the physiologically active neutral form of isoalloxazine studied, lumiflavin–bisnaphthalene-2,3-diol, each flavin is sandwiched between two naphthalenediol molecules with extensive overlap but a moderately large (3·44 Å) spacing, indicating at most weak charge-transfer interaction and in agreement with the yellow colour of the complex, nearly the same as that of the parent lumiflavin

The Crystal Structure of Guanosine Dihydrate and Inosine Dihydrate

Crystals of the dihydrates of guanosine (C_(10)H_(13)N_5O_5) and inosine (C_(10)H_(12)N_4O_5) are nearly isostructural. They are monoclinic, space group P2_1, with cell dimensions ɑ = 17·518, b = 11 ·502, c = 6·658 Å, β = 98·17° (guanosine) and ɑ = 17·573, b =11·278, c=6-654 Å, β = 98·23° (inosine). There are two nucleoside molecules and four water molecules per asymmetric unit. Data were collected on an automated diffractometer; the structures were solved by Patterson and trial-and-error methods and refined to R indices of about 0·035. The structure features hydrogen bonding between purine bases to form ribbons parallel to b and parallel stacking of purine bases along c; the separation between adjacent rings within a stack is 3·3 Å. The conformations about the glycosidic C-N bond and the puckerings of the sugar rings arc quite different for the two molecules in the asymmetric unit

cooccur: Probabilistic Species Co-Occurrence Analysis in R

The observation that species may be positively or negatively associated with each other is at least as old as the debate surrounding the nature of community structure which began in the early 1900's with Gleason and Clements. Since then investigating species co-occurrence patterns has taken a central role in understanding the causes and consequences of evolution, history, coexistence mechanisms, competition, and environment for community structure and assembly. This is because co-occurrence among species is a measurable metric in community datasets that, in the context of phylogeny, geography, traits, and environment, can sometimes indicate the degree of competition, displacement, and phylogenetic repulsion as weighed against biotic and environmental effects promoting correlated species distributions. Historically, a multitude of different co-occurrence metrics have been developed and most have depended on data randomization procedures to produce null distributions for significance testing. Here we improve upon and present an R implementation of a recently published model that is metric-free, distribution-free, and randomization-free. The R package, cooccur, is highly accessible, easily integrates into common analyses, and handles large datasets with high performance. In the article we develop the package's functionality and demonstrate aspects of co-occurrence analysis using three sample datasets

Image Zooming using Corner Matching

This work was intended to direct the choice of an image interpolation/zoom algorithm for use in UND’s Open Prototype for Educational Nanosats (OPEN) satellite program. Whether intended for a space-borne platform or a balloon-borne platform, we expect to use a low cost camera (Raspberry Pi) and expect to have very limited bandwidth for image transmission. However, the technique developed could be used for any imaging application. The approach developed analyzes overlapping 3x3 blocks of pixels looking for “L” patterns that suggest the center pixel should be changed such that a triangle pattern results. We compare this approach against different types of single-frame image interpolation algorithms, such as zero-order-hold (ZOH), bilinear, bicubic, and the directional cubic convolution interpolation (DCCI) approach. We use the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and mean squared error (MSE) as the primary means of comparison. In all but one of the test cases the proposed method resulted in a lower MSE and higher PSNR than the other methods. Meaning this method results in a more accurate image after zooming than the other methods