VISIBLE COSTS AND HIDDEN COSTS IN THE BAKING INDUSTRY

Hidden costs are present in the activity of any company, hardly identified in the traditional administrative accounting. The high levels of the hidden costs and their unknown presence have serious consequences on the decisions made by the managers. This paper aims at presenting some aspects related to the hidden costs that occur in the activity of the companies in the baking industry and the possibilities to reduce their level

ANALYSIS OF THE DEVIATIONS FROM STANDARD COSTS AND INFORMATION USE AT THE COMPANY MANAGEMENT LEVEL

The analysis of the deviations from standard costs may be a source of valuable information for the company management. Introducing the deviations from standard costs in the performance reports would provide better accuracy for the process of performance assessment. By analyzing the deviations and establishing the responsibilities, the manager could take corrective measures that would lead to achieving the target performance. Due to this analysis, the target performance levels mat be revised and reassessed. This article aims at proposing solutions for monitoring and interpreting the deviations

EXPENSES ANALYSIS BASED ON INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT –COMPANY PERFORMANCE DIAGNOSIS STAGE

Expenses represent one component of the binomial that determines a company’s financial performance, the other component being the incomes. Diagnosing performance as part of the performance management has the purpose of providing managers with a feedback on previous actions and it acts as a basis for future decisions. Profit and loss account through its format, offers the possibility to analyze changes at expenses level and the evolution of their structure. This paper aims the analysis of the expenses of a dairy company based on information provided by the profit and loss account followed by the formulation of proposals and conclusions

The Use of Intermediate Management Balances as a Performance Management Tool in Electricity Companies

Abstract Starting from the assumption that the company i

PROSPECTS OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING AND COST CALCULATION

Progress in improving production technology requires appropriate measures to achieve an efficient management of costs. This raises the need for continuous improvement of management accounting and cost calculation. Accounting information in general, and management accounting information in particular, have gained importance in the current economic conditions, which are characterized by risk and uncertainty. The future development of management accounting and cost calculation is essential to meet the information needs of management

Book review:

Book review of the  "Dinu V., Săvoiu G. and Dabija D-C (2016). Conceiving, Writing and Publishing a Scientific Paper - An Approach in the Context of Economic Research [ A concepe, a redacta si a publica un articol stiintific - O abordare in contextul cercetarii economice]. Bucharest, Romania: Editura ASE

A NEW METHOD OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF MARKETS’ CONCENTRATION OR DIVERSIFICATION

This paper tries to clarify, from a statistical point of view, an important notion like “market with excessive concentration” (defining the relative limit of a concentration coefficient Gini - Struck, in the general conditions of ABC curve’s theory) or “market with excessive diversification” (defining the relative limit of a diversification coefficient Gini - Struck, in the generalconditions of ABC curve’s theory). These two evaluations for the concentration or diversification speed can be realized only in the conditions of a better understanding of the structures, associations or correlations on an investigated market. The authors try to extend and mixture two interesting methods in a single and unique one, and, thus to offer simple and clear response to some descriptive problems on dynamic markets

A classical German view of public debt and investment in Romania and other ex-socialist economies

The article uses the angle, and it is placed under the influence of the contributions of the representatives of German classical financial economic school, from Carl Dietzel and Lorenz von Stein to Adolph Wagner, whose works, reassessed by Carl-Ludwig Holtfrerich in 2013, are comparable, through their originality, to the English and other European classical schools of economics. The section devoted to the literature review is based on the contributions of the three German economists; the section devoted to method critically analyses the ratio of public debt to GDP, highlighting both the positive aspects of this convergence indicator, and its negative sides, as a relative indicator constructed from comparing two completely different statistical indicators, i.e. stock and flow. The results and discussions focus on the evolution, over the last two decades, of the debt in Romania and other ex-socialist economies, emphasising the need to prioritise the quality of debt management through the agency of the investment factor derived from the overall impact of public debt, and the final conclusions emphasise the need for relativisation of thresholds, taking into account the behaviour of the economies analysed, placing relative emphasis on the case of Romania

The Evolution of the Public Debt in Romania and Serbia, During and After the Global Recession

This paper describes a special evolution of debt of Romania and Serbia, during and after the recently completed global recession, with a focus on public debt. After a brief theoretical introduction and an equally short review of the recent literature devoted to the subject, the authors stress both the common elements and the particular aspects of the upward trends of borrowing in the two economies, concluding with some final remarks and a tentative anticipation of short-term and medium-term evolution

Level of Satisfaction of Educational Services Consumers. Impact and Consequences for the Responsibility of an Economics Faculty

The aims of this paper are to provide a conceptual delimitation of educational services and their main and secondary components, and to quantify the level of satisfaction of specific consumers in academic organizations specializing in economics, with a view to restructuring their responsibilities. The method of statistical investigation is the thorough investigation including the graduates of bachelor and master courses in the accounting economic field, based on a questionnaire assessing the opinions of 138 graduates from the Faculty of Economics of Pitesti, which covers the full spectrum of 93 distinct variables. The databases were analyzed from a descriptive statistical standpoint with the software package Eviews, focusing on the normality of distributions. The major assumptions concern identifying variables intensely associated with the level of satisfaction of educational services consumers, for the first three and six main service categories, defined by 36 variables marked by respondents, plus another three and respectively six categories in further 15 variables, which define secondary educational services (according to the correlation ratio). Educational organizations belonging to the academic area are naturally concerned with the requirements expressed in the complex concept of satisfaction of those trained through the programs and specializations of a faculty (in this case, an economic faculty), with the aim that the educational services provided in a sustainable manner should cover nearly all their expectations as consumers (students and MA trainees), and also the educational requirements for shaping and training skills that the graduates need in order to succeed in the labour market. The differentiated behaviours of the consumers of educational services can be found at the end of the paper, in a number of econometric models that allow a coherent strategy; they lend a much greater responsibility to the organization doing the job, namely by improving the reputation of an economics faculty, reflected in the vectors and the detailed rating and specific to such surveys. The impact of educational services and the responsibility of the academic organizations for these services to be, through accurate and complete information, conducive to providing satisfactory performance for graduates in the labour market, are the core of the last section of this paper. The conclusions round out the whole endeavour, completing and detailing some necessary upcoming projects