Seleção de Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. para controle do ácaro Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar)

The green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crants, leading to considerable field losses. In this study, ten Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and ten Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. isolates were evaluated with regard to their potential as biological control agents against adult M. tanajoa females. The total mortality percentage of M. tanajoa caused by B. bassiana ranged from 13.0 to 97.0%, with confirmed mortality rates extending from 9.0 to 91.0% and LT50 varying from 4.2 to 17.0 days. The M. anisopliae isolates showed total mortality percentages ranging from 12.0 to 45.0% with confirmed mortality rates extending from 8.0 to 45.0%, and LT50 varying from 8.6 to 19.8 days. Lethal Concentrations (LC50) of 3.93 × 10(6) conidia mL-1 and 7.44 × 10(8) conidia mL-1 were determined for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. B. bassiana isolate 645 was the most efficient, being an alternative for use in biological control programs against the cassava green mite.O ácaro verde Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae) causa desfolhamento em mandioca Manihot esculenta Crants, proporcionando perdas na produção. Esse trabalho objetivou selecionar isolados dos fungos Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. para utilização no controle desse ácaro. Foram utilizados dez isolados de B. bassiana e dez isolados de M. anisopliae , sobre fêmeas adultas de M. tanajoa. A percentagem de mortalidade total por B. bassiana variou de 13,0 a 97,0%, com mortalidade confirmada de 9,0 a 91,0%, e o tempo letal (TL50) variou entre 4,2 e 17,0. Os isolados de M. anisopliae, provocaram 12,0 a 45,0% de mortalidade total e 8,0 a 45,0% de mortalidade confirmada e TL50 entre 8,6 e 19,8 dias. Estimaram-se os valores das concentrações letais (CL50) de 3,93 . 10(6) conídios mL-1 e 7,44 . 10(8) conídios mL-1, para os isolados 645 de B. bassiana e CG 321 de M. anisopliae, respectivamente. O isolado 645 de B. bassiana foi mais eficiente, sugerindo sua utilização em programas de controle biológico do ácaro verde da mandioca

Amblyseius largoensis no controle do ácaro‑vermelho‑das‑palmeiras em condições de semicampo

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of two Amblyseius largoensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) populations in controlling Raoiella indica (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). The treatments were: release of A. largoensis from the island of La Réunion; release of A. largoensis from the state of Roraima, Brazil; and a control, without predator release. Initially, 20 predators were released per plant; three other releases were done at a rate of ten adults per plant, at 46, 135, and 156 days after the first release. The population densities were estimated every 20 days, during six months. Both A. largoensis populations evaluated are not sufficiently efficient to control the R. indica population.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de duas populações de Amblyseius largoensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) no controle de Raoiella indica (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). Os tratamentos foram: liberação de A. largoensis da ilha de La Réunion; liberação de A. largoensis do Estado de Roraima; e controle, sem liberação de predadores. Inicialmente, 20 predadores foram liberados por planta; outras três liberações de dez adultos por planta foram feitas aos 46, 135 e 156 dias após a primeira liberação. A densidade populacional foi estimada a cada 20 dias, durante seis meses. Ambas as populações de A. largoensis avaliadas não são suficientemente eficientes para controlar a população de R. indica

Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. for the control of the mite Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar)

The green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crants, leading to considerable field losses. In this study, ten Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and ten Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. isolates were evaluated with regard to their potential as biological control agents against adult M. tanajoa females. The total mortality percentage of M. tanajoa caused by B. bassiana ranged from 13.0 to 97.0%, with confirmed mortality rates extending from 9.0 to 91.0% and LT50 varying from 4.2 to 17.0 days. The M. anisopliae isolates showed total mortality percentages ranging from 12.0 to 45.0% with confirmed mortality rates extending from 8.0 to 45.0%, and LT50 varying from 8.6 to 19.8 days. Lethal Concentrations (LC50) of 3.93 × 10(6) conidia mL-1 and 7.44 × 10(8) conidia mL-1 were determined for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. B. bassiana isolate 645 was the most efficient, being an alternative for use in biological control programs against the cassava green mite

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data