DESKRIPSI RADIOGRAFI PANORAMIK PADA MAKSILA DENGAN POSISI VERTIKAL DAN HORIZONTAL: DESCRIPTION OF PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY WITH VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL POSITION IN THE MAXILLA

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui deskripsi posisi kepala untuk menghasilkan distorsi minimal pada maksila secara vertikal dan horizontal dengan menggunakan radiografi panoramik konvensional dan digital. Penelitian menggunakan satu buah tengkorak yang dipasangi staples secara vertikal dan horizontal. Pengukuran dilakukan pada lima radiografi panoramik konvensional dan lima radiografi panoramik digital (masing-masing posisi 00, +50, +100, -50, -100), pada maksila yang terdapat gambaran garis radiopak vertikal dan horizontal (alveolar daerah 11, 13, 15, 17, 21, 23, 25, 27). Pengukuran gambaran garis radiopak vertikal dan horizontal pada radiografi panoramik konvensional (manual) menggunakan jangka digital dan pada radiografi panoramik digital (computerized) menggunakan perangkat lunak EZ menu measurement. Dilakukan penghitungan persentase gambaran garis radiopak vertikal dan horizontal pada radiografi panoramik konvensional dan digital maksila. Kemudian membandingkan hasil pengukuran radiografi panoramik konvensional dan digital dengan hasil pengukuran sebenarnya pada tengkorak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase distorsi minimal pada radiografi panoramik konvensional dan digital berbeda pada masing-masing alveolar daerah maksila. Persentase distorsi minimal alveolar daerah posterior pada radiografi panoramik konvensional adalah pada posisi +100 sebesar 3,03% dan radiografi panoramik digital pada posisi 00 sebesar 1,35%. Sebagai kesimpulan, deskripsi posisi untuk menghasilkan distorsi minimal pada maksila secara vertikal dan horizontal pada radiografi panoramik konvensional adalah +100 dan pada panoramik digital adalah 00

THE EVALUATION OF CONVENTIONAL AND DIGITAL RADIOGRAPH FOR RADIOPACITY ASSESSMENT OF RESTORATIVE MATERIALS: -EVALUASI RADIOGRAF KONVENSIONAL DAN DIGITAL DALAM MENILAI RADIOPASITAS BAHAN RESTORASI

Radiopacity is an important characteristic for restorative materials as dentists have got different abilities in interpreting a lesion or caries in a radiograph. The enforcement of secondary caries diagnosis is a challenge for dentists because they often mistake the diagnosis for restorative materials with low radiopacity. This study aims to determine the differences in the average radiopacity values of certain restorative materials by using conventional and digital radiographs. Moreover, to know the right types of radiographs in distinguishing between radiopacity of certain restorative materials and radiodensity of secondary caries. This is an analytical descriptive study with cross sectional design. The sample was divided into 10 groups of 6, which is dental radiograph filled with glass ionomer cement, resin modified glass ionomer cement, nanofiller and micro hybrid composites as well as teeth with secondary caries which were obtained from conventional and digital radiographs. Next, conventional and digital radiographs were interpreted by observations of 5 dental specialists in which measurement was done by using Image J software to get the average radiopacity values of secondary caries and each restorative material. The results showed that the average radiopacity values for glass ionomer cement are 177.633 ± 6.465 and 187.879 ± 9.305, resin modified glass ionomer cement are179.498 ± 5.597 and 192.078 ± 11.006, composite nanofillers are 194.847 ± 4.952 and 184.401 ± 9.170, microhybridcomposites are 189.109 ± 4.251 and 179.585 ± 6.809, finally secondary caries are 161.772 ± 9.256 and 109.988 ± 7.684 for conventional and digital radiographs respectively. Then the data was analyzed by using T test with significance value of p <0.05. As a conclusion, this study shows no significant difference in the radiopacity of four restorative materials if compared between conventional and digital radiographs while digital radiograph shows significant difference between radiopacity values of restorative materials and secondary caries. Whereas, conventional radiograph does not show significant difference between restorative materials and secondary caries. Radiopacity is an important characteristic for restorative materials as dentists have got different abilities in interpreting a lesion or caries in a radiograph. The enforcement of secondary caries diagnosis is a challenge for dentists because they often mistake the diagnosis for restorative materials with low radiopacity. This study aims to determine the differences in the average radiopacity values of certain restorative materials by using conventional and digital radiographs. Moreover, to know the right types of radiographs in distinguishing between radiopacity of certain restorative materials and radiodensity of secondary caries. This is an analytical descriptive study with cross sectional design. The sample was divided into 10 groups of 6, which is dental radiograph filled with glass ionomer cement, resin modified glass ionomer cement, nanofiller and micro hybrid composites as well as teeth with secondary caries which were obtained from conventional and digital radiographs. Next, conventional and digital radiographs were interpreted by observations of 5 dental specialists in which measurement was done by using Image J software to get the average radiopacity values of secondary caries and each restorative material. The results showed that the average radiopacity values for glass ionomer cement are 177.633 ± 6.465 and 187.879 ± 9.305, resin modified glass ionomer cement are179.498 ± 5.597 and 192.078 ± 11.006, composite nanofillers are 194.847 ± 4.952 and 184.401 ± 9.170, microhybridcomposites are 189.109 ± 4.251 and 179.585 ± 6.809, finally secondary caries are 161.772 ± 9.256 and 109.988 ± 7.684 for conventional and digital radiographs respectively. Then the data was analyzed by using T test with significance value of p <0.05. As a conclusion, this study shows no significant difference in the radiopacity of four restorative materials if compared between conventional and digital radiographs while digital radiograph shows significant difference between radiopacity values of restorative materials and secondary caries. Whereas, conventional radiograph does not show significant difference between restorative materials and secondary caries

Maxillary bone analysis in dentate and edentulous men through panoramic radiographs

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the height of maxillary bone in dentate and edentulous men through panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: This research is an analytic descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. This study used 40 samples of panoramic radiography images, divided into groups of 20 edentulous men and groups of 20 dentate men as a control group. Maxillary bone height is measured by drawing a vertical line from the lowest point of the infraorbital ridge to the maxillary alveolar crest. Results: The result showed that the mean value of the dentate group samples was greater than that of the edentulous group. Conclusion: Dentate men have a higher maxillary bone height than edentulous men, as analyzed using panoramic radiography. There were significant differences in maxillary bone in edentulous and dentate men

DUKUNGAN RADIOGRAFI PANORAMIK DALAM MENENTUKAN DIMENSI DAN BENTUK PROSESUS KONDILOIDEUS PADA MAHASISWA DAN PEGAWAI SUKU BATAK DI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN GIGI UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA: PANORAMIC IMAGING SUPPORT TO ESTABLISH THE DIMENSION AND SHAPE OF CONDYLARY PROCESS OF BATAKNESE STUDENTS AND STAFFS IN FACULTY OF DENTISTRY UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

Radiografi panoramik sangat berguna untuk mendukung tegaknya diagnosis masalah yang mencakupkeseluruhan rahang. Radiografi panoramik telah direkomendasikan untuk menyeleksi pasien dengan keluhanpada sendi temporomandibular dan untuk menentukan perubahan pada prosesus kondiloideus. Tujuan penelitianini adalah untuk mengetahui rata-rata dimensi prosesus kondiloideus dan bentuk prosesus kondiloideus padamahasiswa dan pegawai suku Batak di Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sumatera Utara. Penelitian inimerupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Sampelmerupakan suku Batak asli dari dua keturunan di atas. Pemeriksaan radiografi panoramik dilakukan pada 50orang sampel suku Batak usia 20-30 tahun. Pengukuran dimensi prosesus kondiloideus dilakukan secarakomputerisasi dan pengamatan bentuk prosesus kondiloideus dilakukan secara visual. Hasil penelitian inimenunjukkan nilai rerata ukuran tinggi prosesus kondiloideus pada laki-laki adalah 18,377 ± 2,859 mm dan padaperempuan 17,271 ± 2,917 mm. Nilai rerata ukuran lebar prosesus kondiloideus pada laki-laki adalah 10,504 ±1,208 mm dan pada perempuan 9,758 ± 1,377 mm. Pada laki-laki, bentuk bulat adalah sebanyak 50%, bentuk menonjol 37,5% dan bentuk bersudut 12,5%. Pada perempuan, bentuk menonjol adalah sebesar 63,46%, bentukbulat 32,7% dan bentuk bersudut 3,84%. Sebagai kesimpulan, pada suku Batak usia 20-30 tahun, nilai rerataukuran tinggi prosesus kondiloideus adalah 17,802 ± 2,914 mm dan nilai rerata ukuran lebar prosesuskondiloideus adalah 10,106 ± 1,322 mm. Bentuk prosesus kondiloideus yang terbanyak yaitu bentuk menonjolsebesar 51%, bentuk bulat sebesar 41% dan bentuk bersudut sebesar 8%

ANALISIS UKURAN SINUS MAKSILARIS MENGGUNAKAN RADIOGRAFI PANORAMIK PADA MAHASISWA SUKU BATAK USIA 20-30 TAHUN DI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN GIGI UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA: ANALYSIS OF MAXILLARY SINUS SIZE OF BATAK ETHNIC STUDENTS AGED 20-30 YEARS REVIEWED BY PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY IN FACULTY OF DENTISTRY UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

Radiografi panoramik dapat digunakan untuk mengukur sinus maksilaris. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuiukuran sinus maksilaris pada mahasiswa suku Batak usia 20-30 tahun. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitikobservasional dengan jumlah sampel 50 orang yang terdiri atas 23 orang laki-laki dan 27 orang perempuan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan ukuran sinus maksilaris suku Batak usia 20-30 tahun berbeda-beda pada setiap individu, bahkanberbeda pada sisi kiri dan kanan pada individu yang sama. Nilai rerata ukuran sinus maksilaris regio kiri pada suku Batakusia 20-30 tahun adalah 25,86 ± 2,98mm sedangkan pada regio kanan adalah 25,85 ± 2,90mm. Data diuji menggunakanindependent t-test (p> 0,05). Sebagai kesimpulan, nilai rerata ukuran sinus maksilaris pada mahasiswa suku Batak usia20-30 tahun sisi kanan dan kiri tidak terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan

Improving Dental and Oral Health through Counseling and Training on Dental and Oral Health Maintenance and Introduction of Dental Radiography Examination in Children and Installation of Sinks at Belawan Islamic Junior High School, Medan Belawan District

Healthy behavior can affect the health of everyone's body. Dental and oral health is very important to always pay attention to because it is part of general health. To keep your teeth and mouth healthy, you can always keep your teeth and mouth clean every day. The easiest thing to do is to brush your teeth and wash your hands before eating. Techniques and the correct way of brushing teeth greatly affect dental hygiene. If the oral health is not good, then it requires a dental radiographic examination as a supporting examination to be able to determine the condition of the teeth and the supporting tissues of the teeth as a whole. This activity is based on the need to maintain dental and oral health from an early age, so that good behavior in maintaining health can be accustomed from childhood. In addition, there are still many children in junior high school who are not properly aware of the importance of dental health for general health. This counseling can increase knowledge and provide understanding and awareness about the importance of maintaining personal and oral health by brushing teeth regularly and washing hands properly

Health improvement through the teeth and oral health awareness and care of teeth and mouth in children for Panti Guna SLB Melati Aisyiyah Desa Bandar Khalifah

Health is very important to always pay attention to. Healthy behavior can affect the health of everybody. Dental and oral health is a part of general health, and to keep teeth and mouth healthy can be done with the right techniques and ways to brush teeth. Based on Basic Health Research, dental and oral diseases still occur in North Sumatra province, both urban and rural. Therefore, through the Community Service Institution at USU, a community service activity was carried out under the title Improvement of Dental and Mouth Health through the Counseling for Dental and Oral Health Care for Children of Melati Aisyiah SLB Orphanage Homes in Bandar Khalifah. This activity is based on the need to maintain oral health from an early age so that good behavior in maintaining health can be accustomed from childhood. In addition, there are only a few orphanage children who realize correctly the importance of dental health for general health. Counseling on the maintenance of dental and oral health in children of the SLB Melati Aisyiyah Orphanage, Bandar Khalifah can provide a deep understanding of the importance of maintaining oral health by brushing teeth early on

Comparison distortion in the mandible skull using panoramic digital radiograpy and Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Panoramic radiography is widely used as a tool supporting the diagnosis in dental practice. Currently the technology has evolved with the presence of radiographic imaging such as Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) that displays a three-dimensional picture. The purpose of this study was to determine large distortions that occur several regio in the mandible using digital panoramic radiographs and CBCT. Method experimental The research on one of the skull laboratories fitted staples vertically and horizontally in alveolar regions 31, 33, 35, 37, 41, 43, 45, 47, and then measured the length of the staples using the term digital. Furthermore, digital panoramic radiography performed with position 00, +50, +100, -50, -100 and CBCT radiography with 00 positions. Measurement description of radiopaque vertical and horizontal lines on digital panoramic radiographs and CBCT are computerized using the EZ software measurement menu. Calculating percentage distortion radiopaque overview of vertical and horizontal lines on digital panoramic radiographs and CBCT of the mandible by doing a comparison of the actual size of the skull. The results obtained on the percentage of minimal distortion of digital panoramic radiographs vertically was in the 31 region positioned +50at 0,23%, in the 33 region positioned 00at 5,99%, in the 35 region positioned -100at -6,33%, in the 37 region positioned +100at -1,46%, in the 41 region positioned -50at 0,46%, in the 43 region positioned 00at 0,52%, in the 45 region positioned +100at -0,45%, in the 47 region positioned +100at -4,76%. The percentage of minimal distortion of digital panoramic radiographs horizontally all of region was positioned 00. The percentage of minimal distortion of  CBCT all of region was positioned 00 and different on each mandible alveolar region. The conclusion of this study is average distortion that occurs in the mandible using CBCT is more less than digital panoramic radiographs. That is mean CBCT more accurate than digital panoramic radiographs

The Use of the Panoramic Mandibular Index in Analyzing Cortical Mandibula Height in Batak Tribe Women With Perimenopause and Postmenopause Conditions

ancellous and cortical bone loss in postmenopausal women can be caused by a lack of estrogen, which plays an important role in growth and maturation. The panoramic mandibular index (PMI) also detects loss of bone mass and is a reference for individuals at high risk of developing osteoporosis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the PMI value in Batak women with postmenopausal conditions using a descriptive survey correlation cross-sectional method. The samples were panoramic radiographs of Batak women with postmenopausal conditions aged >52 years and premenopausal as controls. Furthermore, the data was tested using an Unpaired T-test and the average PMI values in the premenopausal and postmenopausal Batak women groups were 0.327 ± 0.058 and 0.296 ± 0.063, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference (p < 0.05, specifically 0.027) in PMI values between the premenopausal and postmenopausal Batak women. These findings showed that PMI served as a reliable indicator of bone loss and potentially aid in identifying individuals at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis