Mean genus or order abundance of gut microbiota in the PBC, AIH and HC groups.

<p>The plotted values are the mean abundance of the 8 abundant genera and 1 abundant order in each group. The results are expressed as the mean ± SD. Differences were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test; *<i>P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01, ***<i>P</i><0.0005.</p

Correlation between oral microbiota and gut microbiota in AILD patients.

<p>Correlation between oral microbiota and gut microbiota in AILD patients.</p

Principal component analysis (PCA) of the oral and gut microbiota among the 71 T-RFLP profiles.

<p>(a) The T-RFLP profiles were classified into two clusters by hierarchical cluster analysis (orange circle: Cluster I, green circle: Cluster II). (b) Principal component analysis of the oral microbiota in the AILD (blue circle) and HC groups (red circle). (c) Principal component analysis of the gut microbiota in the AILD (blue circle) and HC groups (red circle). (d) Index (Shannon, y-axis) of genera diversity in oral microbiota, (e) Index (Shannon, y-axis) of genera diversity in gut microbiota.</p

Correlation between the relative abundance of predominant genera and the levels of immunological biomarkers in the saliva of AILD patients.

<p>Correlation between the relative abundance of predominant genera and the levels of immunological biomarkers in the saliva of AILD patients.</p

Univariate and multivariate analyses of microbiota associated with AILD patients.

<p>Univariate and multivariate analyses of microbiota associated with AILD patients.</p

Clinical characteristics of HCs and patients with PBC or AIH.

<p>Clinical characteristics of HCs and patients with PBC or AIH.</p

Cytokine levels in the saliva of HCs and patients with PBC or AIH.

<p>The salivary levels of IL-1β (a), IL-8 (b), MIP-1β (c), IgA (d), TNF-α (e), and IFN-γ (f). The results are expressed as the mean ± SD. Differences were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test; *<i>P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01, ***<i>P</i><0.005.</p

Concentrations of FABP4.

<p>FABP4 levels were investigated in the males and females of hemodialysis patients (A) and control subjects with normal renal function (B). FABP4 levels were determined before and after hemodialysis (C). Values are presented as means±SEM. *P <0.05.</p

Simple regression analysis for log FABP4.

<p>Simple regression analysis for log FABP4.</p

Basal and biochemical characteristics of 61 patients.

<p>Variables are expressed as means±SEM or number (%).</p><p>*P <0.05 vs. Low-FABP4.</p><p>**P <0.01 vs. Low-FABP4.</p