Investigations of Several Surface-active Properties of Alkylimidazoline Salts

Investigations of surface active properties of amidoimidazolines and its salts described in this article. Imidazolines have been synthetized from linseed oil and diethylenetriamine under conditions determined before. Investigations have been conducted for samples of imidazoline which were got during synthesis in determined times. Acetic and alkylsulfuric salts of obtained imidazoline and intermediate samples have been used as well. Anticorrosive ability of alkylsulfuric salt of alkylimidazolines was much better than acetic salt and unneutralized imidazoline. The worst anticorrosive ability was shown by acetic salt of imidazoline. Defensive effect of alkylsulfuric salt is more than 99 % and by this parameter salt could be compared with well-known corrosion inhibitors. Interfacial tension and ability to form emulsion have been investigated for unneutralized imidazoline and its salts as well. The best ability to form emulsion has been shown by acetic salt. Minimum interfacial tension was shown by acetic salt of imidazoline as well. In the same time maximum interfacial tension was determined for alkylsulfuric salt and the same salt have the worst ability to form emulsion

Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries

Background: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 percent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 percent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 percent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle-compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)