Ethical Performance of Neonatal Nurses in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

Introduction: Lack of adherence to the nursing code of ethics in neonatal wards is usually an issue in hospitals. The present study explored neonatal nurses’ adherence to the nursing code of ethics in the neonatal ward, using the Neonatal Nurses' Ethical Performance Self-Report Questionnaire and the Neonatal Nurses' Ethical Performance Observation Checklist.Methods: In this descriptive study, 132 Nurses from 5 neonatal wards from two pediatric hospitals in Tehran were recruited by census sampling.Results: The results showed that the mean score of the self-report questionnaire (86.12+10.34) and observational checklist (80.98+10.34) was within the desired performance range. The domain of improving the quality of care had the highest score (94.25+3.40) in the self-report questionnaire, and the domain of justice had the highest score (95.00+0) in the observational checklist. The domain of respect for autonomy had the lowest mean score in the self-report questionnaire (64.31+22.22) and the observational checklist (67.50+6.19). There was no significant relationship between the ethical performance score reported by nurses and nurses' demographic variables (P>0.05), and the specific condition of the neonates affected the ethical performance of nurses in neonates' demographic variables (P-value =0.002).Conclusions: The finding showed that, overall, the performance of neonatal nurses regarding ethical codes is desirable

The Relationship of Regimen Adherence with Family Resilience and Parenting Style among Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rising rapidly. Adolescence is also related to weaker medication adherence and increased risk of psychiatric disorders. This study aims to investigate the relationship between parenting style, family resilience, and regimen adherence. Method: This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. 180 adolescents with type 2 diabetes and their parents were selected through convenience sampling at Mofid and Taleghani Hospitals, Tehran, Iran. The instruments were "Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities," "the Family Resilience Assessment Scale," and "Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnaire". The sampling duration was from February to April 2021; descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient were performed using SPSS version 2021. Results: The results showed that family resilience was moderate in most participants (80%). The mean score of family resilience was 2.94±0.29 and among the subcomponents of this scale, “family Belief systems” was found to have the highest mean score (3.05±0.347). Regimen adherence was moderate in most participants (60%). Parents of Adolescents had higher uses of authoritative parenting styles (3.70± 0.54). Adherence to non-smoking (6.31± 1.23) and specific medications (5.55 ± 1.28) were higher than adherence to diet, physical exercise, blood glucose monitoring, and foot care. Authoritative parenting styles (r=0.524, P=0.000) and total family resilience (r=0. 599 P=0.000) were positively related to total regimen adherence. Family resilience was positively correlated with authoritative parenting styles (r=0.385 p=0.000). Authoritarian and permissive styles were not correlated with regimen adherence (p>0.05). Conclusions: Adherence to the regimen positively correlated with family resilience and authoritative parenting styles for adolescents with type 2 diabetes

The Effect of Oketani Breast Massage on Successful Breastfeeding, Mothers’ Need for Breastfeeding Support, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy: an Experimental Study

Background: The negative effects of cesarean section on breastfeeding are a major global concern. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of Oketani breast massage on the maternal need for support during breastfeeding, breastfeeding success, and breastfeeding self-efficacy. Setting: Three hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran, from April to July 2019. Study Design: The participants in this experimental study were 113 pregnant women who were candidates for cesarean section. The mothers were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned. In addition to routine care, the mothers in the intervention group received Oketani breast massages twice. However, the mothers in the control group received routine care. The data were collected using the Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (IBFAT), LATCH Assessment Score, and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES). The data were analyzed with SPSS 20 software via the independent samples t test, the Mann–Whitney U test, and the chi-square test. Results: The results of the study suggested that the breastfeeding success rate, which was evaluated with IBFAT in both the first two breastfeeding stages and the last pre-discharge breastfeeding, was significantly higher for the mothers in the intervention group (p < .001). In addition, the mother’s need for support, which was evaluated with LATCH in the first two breastfeeding stages (p = .044) and the last pre-discharge breastfeeding (p < .001) in the intervention group, was less. The total number of breastfeeding sessions from birth to discharge was higher in the intervention group (p = .002). Furthermore, the mothers in the intervention group breastfed their infants in a significantly shorter time interval (p = .002). Breastfeeding self-efficacy, according to the BSES, was significantly higher in the mothers of the intervention group (p < .001). Conclusion: Oketani massage can be used as a care intervention by nurses to improve breastfeeding in mothers who undergo cesarean sections

The effect of guided imagery on stress and attachment of mothers of premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit: A quasi-experimental study

Background. Premature birth, in addition to causing health problems in infants, increases stress in the mother and reduces attachment between mother and baby. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of guided visualization on stress and attachment of mothers of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods. This quasi-experimental study was performed on 35 mothers with premature infants admitted to the NICU of Mahdieh Hospital of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mothers were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. For mothers in the intervention group, the intervention was performed from the first to the fifth day of birth through training and sending guided imagery files. On the day of admission and discharge, the parental stress questionnaire and the postpartum attachment questionnaire were completed by the mother. SPSS software (version 20) was used to analyze the data. Results. The mean total score of maternal attachment on the fifth day of the intervention was significantly higher in the intervention group (P<0.001). Also, the mean total score of mothers' attachment status on the day of discharge was significantly higher in the intervention group (P<0.001). Conclusion. Implementation of guided visualization program reduced stress in mothers with premature infants admitted to the NICU, and consequently increased the level of attachment. Practical Implications. Mothers are the primary caregivers of infants, and promoting maternal health has an effect on infants. In addition to reducing stress in preterm infants, this study can help improve the quality of infant care and increase attachment and parenting. The present study offers a completely cost-effective way to reduce the costs of long-term hospitalization and improve the quality of nursing