Medical Biology and Genetics Laboratory Book

80 Pages : İllustrations ; 26 cm

Flow cytometric evaluation of T and B lymphocyte percentage in chronic kidney disease

Introduction. T and B lymphocytes play crucial roles in adaptive immunity. These cells are negatively affected in multiple disorders, including chronic kidney disease. The purpose of this study was to compare T and B lymphocyte ratios between patients with chronic kidney disease and healthy controls. Methods. In this study, we evaluated the percentages of patient and donor (healthy control) lymphocytes referred to our laboratory between 2012 and 2014. In total 103 patient-donor couples were tested by the FCXM method. CD3-PerCP and CD19-PE monoclonal antibodies were used in order to differentiate T and B cells, respectively. T and B cell percentages of the participants were statistically compared. Results. The mean age of the investigated patients and donors was 36.3 ± 13.7 and 46.2 ± 12.4 years, respectively. Of the studied patients, 45.6% and 54.3% were female and male, whereas 54.3% and 45.6% of donors were female and male, respectively. In the investigated group, 42 patients were preemptive, 45 subjects were treated with haemodialysis, and 16 individuals were on peritoneal dialysis. T and B lymphocyte percentages in the healthy group were higher than in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the difference reached statistical significance only for T lymphocytes (p < 0.05). The percentages of total lymphocytes, and T and B lymphocytes in patients treated with haemodialysis were numerically lower than in those on peritoneal dialysis. In addition, we found that patients with chronic kidney disease had lower concentrations of haemoglobin and albumin than healthy controls. Conclusion. This study suggests that patients with advanced chronic kidney disease have lower rates of lymphocytes that healthy controls. This fact may at least partially explain impaired immunity in this setting. However, our findings require confirmation and detailed investigation of underlying mechanisms in further studies.

Tıbbi Biyoloji ve Genetik Laboratuvar Kılavuzu

Çevrimiçi (70 sayfa: şekil; 26 cm.

The evaluation of laypersons awareness of basic life support at the university in Izmir

Objectives: Basic Life Support (BLS) is the application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in order to save the lives of cardiac arrest victims by members of the public pending the arrival of the Emergency Medical Service (EMS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of training in order to ensure society understands the importance of early initiation of BLS, and to provide information concerning BLS and automated external defibrillators (AED). Methods: This study consisted of 150 participants, of whom none were healthcare professionals. The research data were collected from 150 pre-tests and 100 post-tests. A Comparison of nominal data was analyzed by both McNemar's test and Pearson's chi-square exact test. Results: Of the participants, 39% had received the BLS training prior to the study. It was observed that the participants’ desire for applying BLS increased from 43% to 78% post training, and the ratio of ability to distinguish the need for BLS increased from 54% to 79%. Our results also indicated that the knowledge level of the CPR application increased after the study. The proportion of participants who knew the purpose of using AED increased from 79.8% to 95.7%. Conclusions: It was concluded that the BLS Awareness training increased in relation to the application of BLS, improved the BLS knowledge and increased awareness of the use of AED. Keywords: Basic life support, Basic life support awareness, Cardiac arrest, Automated external defibrillato

Epigenetic Mechanisms of Genes Influencing Immune Response in Patients with Celiac Disease

Aim: The goal of this study was to investigate the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) (miR-196b, miR-10a, miR-31-5p, and miR-338-3p) which regulate the genes involved in the proliferation and function of cells functioning in the inflammatory processes in Celiac patients' blood and tissue samples. Celiac disease (CD) is an inflammatory disease which affects people who are genetically predisposed to gluten consumption. The only treatment for this disease is a gluten-free diet. Materials and Methods: The miRNA expressions were determined in blood and tissue samples from 12 pediatric patients with CD and from 8 healthy children using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and SybrGreen dye. The gene expression levels of miRNAs such as miR-196b, miR-10a, miR-338-3p, and miR-31-5p were compared between the two groups. Results: There was a significant difference only in miR-10a gene expression levels between the control and patient blood samples. The greatest difference between the tissue and blood samples within the CD group were found in the expressions of miR-31-5p and miR-338-3p. It was seen that the patients’ human leukocyte antigen tissue type was not associated with their miRNA expression profiles. In addition, there was no significant correlation between their Marsh classification and gene expression levels. Conclusion: The significantly low level of miR-10a may be related to CD due to its effect on the immune response. Additionally, miR-10a may have potential as a non-invasive biomarker in the diagnosis of CD