Rhizobium host specificities in phaseolus coccineus L. and phaseolus vulgaris L.

The introduction of desirable agronomic characteristics into Phaseolus vulgaris L. is being attempted by interspecific hybridization with P. coccineus, but the effects on root nodulation are unknown. Accordingly, cross-inoculation relationships between P. vulgaris ‘Red Kidney’ and P. coccineus ‘Scarlet Runner’ were tested in the greenhouse with a group of 16 Rhizobium strains effective on Red Kidney and a group of 12 strains effective on Scarlet Runner. Both groups had diverse origins, including commercial sources and isolations from bean fields and other sites in California. Only six strains, all isolates from Scarlet Runner, were effective on both hosts. Fifty percent of Scarlet Runner isolates were as effective on Red Kidney as the more effective of Red Kidney's homologous strains. Thirty percent of the California isolates tested on Red Kidney were more effective than two commercial inocula. Strain rejection in Red Kidney was expressed in 75% of all cases as failure to form nodules. In contrast, strain rejection by Scarlet Runner was expressed in 64 to 68% of all cases as ineffective nodulation (nodule malfunction). If Scarlet Runner is representative of P. coccineus in this respect, interspecific hybridization is likely to increase rather than reduce the tendency of P. vulgaris to nodulate with ineffective rhizobia

Adubação com molibdênio em soja, na presença ou ausência de calcário aplicado na superfície do solo, em plantio direto Molybdenum fertilization, in the presence or absence of lime applied to the soil surface, under no-tillage

Um experimento foi desenvolvido em 1997/1998 em Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico típico, em Passo Fundo, com pH em água 4,9 e 41,2mmol c de Al3+dm-3, para estudar os efeitos de calcário aplicado na superfície do solo, e de molibdênio, sobre o rendimento de grãos da soja. O efeito residual do calcário e a reaplicação de Mo foram estudados no mesmo local, em 1998/1999. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por: 1) Mo na semente + calcário; 2) Mo foliar + calcário; 3) calcário; 4) Mo na semente; 5) Mo foliar e 6) testemunha. Aplicaram-se 2t ha-1 de calcário dolomítico. O molibdênio foi aplicado na dose de 12g ha-1, nas sementes, e 30g ha-1 quando via foliar, aos 30-33 dias após a emergência. A soja respondeu à adubação molíbdica, mesmo nos tratamentos com calcário, em ambas as safras. Os resultados indicam que a calagem superficial não disponibilizou molibdênio em quantidades suficientes para o desenvolvimento da soja, cultivada em plantio direto em Latossolo ácido. A aplicação de Mo nas sementes e via foliar tiveram a mesma eficiência.<br>An experiment was carried out in 1997/1998 on Dark Red Latosol (Haplorthox), in Passo Fundo, with pH (H2O) 4.9 and 41.2mmol c de Al3+dm-3, to study the effects of lime, applied on the surface of the soil, and molybdenum, on soybean yields. The residual effect of lime and the reapplication of Mo was studied at the same location, in 1998/1999. The experimental design was the complete randomized block, with four replications. The treatments consisted of: 1) lime + Mo applied on the seeds; 2) lime + foliar application of Mo; 3) lime; 4) Mo applied on soybean seeds; 5) Mo applied on soybean leaves and 6) no lime and no Mo. Lime was applied at a rate of 2t ha-1, at the surface of soil. Molybdenum was applied at the rate of 12g ha-1, on the seeds, and 30g ha-1, when foliar applied, 30-33 days after emergency. Soybean responded to applied Mo, even in the treatments with lime, in both seasons. The results of the two experiments indicated that the superficial application of lime did not release enough Mo for the development of no-tillage soybean in the acid soil used. The fertilization of molybdenum on the seeds or foliar way had the same efficiency