On the chiral anomaly in non-Riemannian spacetimes

The translational Chern-Simons type three-form coframe torsion on a Riemann-Cartan spacetime is related (by differentiation) to the Nieh-Yan four-form. Following Chandia and Zanelli, two spaces with non-trivial translational Chern-Simons forms are discussed. We then demonstrate, firstly within the classical Einstein-Cartan-Dirac theory and secondly in the quantum heat kernel approach to the Dirac operator, how the Nieh-Yan form surfaces in both contexts, in contrast to what has been assumed previously.Comment: 18 pages, RevTe

Effective rate equations for the over-damped motion in fluctuating potentials

We discuss physical and mathematical aspects of the over-damped motion of a Brownian particle in fluctuating potentials. It is shown that such a system can be described quantitatively by fluctuating rates if the potential fluctuations are slow compared to relaxation within the minima of the potential, and if the position of the minima does not fluctuate. Effective rates can be calculated; they describe the long-time dynamics of the system. Furthermore, we show the existence of a stationary solution of the Fokker-Planck equation that describes the motion within the fluctuating potential under some general conditions. We also show that a stationary solution of the rate equations with fluctuating rates exists.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, standard LaTeX2

Passing to the Limit in a Wasserstein Gradient Flow: From Diffusion to Reaction

We study a singular-limit problem arising in the modelling of chemical reactions. At finite {\epsilon} > 0, the system is described by a Fokker-Planck convection-diffusion equation with a double-well convection potential. This potential is scaled by 1/{\epsilon}, and in the limit {\epsilon} -> 0, the solution concentrates onto the two wells, resulting into a limiting system that is a pair of ordinary differential equations for the density at the two wells. This convergence has been proved in Peletier, Savar\'e, and Veneroni, SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis, 42(4):1805-1825, 2010, using the linear structure of the equation. In this paper we re-prove the result by using solely the Wasserstein gradient-flow structure of the system. In particular we make no use of the linearity, nor of the fact that it is a second-order system. The first key step in this approach is a reformulation of the equation as the minimization of an action functional that captures the property of being a curve of maximal slope in an integrated form. The second important step is a rescaling of space. Using only the Wasserstein gradient-flow structure, we prove that the sequence of rescaled solutions is pre-compact in an appropriate topology. We then prove a Gamma-convergence result for the functional in this topology, and we identify the limiting functional and the differential equation that it represents. A consequence of these results is that solutions of the {\epsilon}-problem converge to a solution of the limiting problem.Comment: Added two sections, corrected minor typos, updated reference

Ground State Spin Structure of Strongly Interacting Disordered 1D Hubbard Model

We study the influence of on-site disorder on the magnetic properties of the ground state of the infinite U 1D Hubbard model. We find that the ground state is not ferromagnetic. This is analyzed in terms of the algebraic structure of the spin dependence of the Hamiltonian. A simple explanation is derived for the 1/N periodicity in the persistent current for this model.Comment: 3 pages, no figure

Efeito de dois níveis de concentrado nos componentes do leite de vacas jersey em sistema a pasto.

A concentração de constituintes do leite é individualmente influenciada por fatores como dieta, temperatura, estágio de lactação, genética entre outros. Para avaliar o efeito de dois níveis de concentrado sobre os componentes do leite de vacas da raça Jersey, foram analisadas 300 amostras de leite provenientes de vacas mantidas em pastagens cultivadas temperadas e nativas melhoradas durante o período de primavera/verão na oferta de 6 kg por dia de matéria seca para cada 100 kg de peso vivo e recebendo diariamente dois níveis de concentrado comercial (2Kg e 4Kg). Os valores médios e seus respectivos desvios-padrões para a porcentagem de gordura (%GORD), proteína (%PROT) e sólidos totais (%SOL) foram de 4,69 ± 1,37%; 4,02 ± 0,38%; e 14,07 ± 1,75%. Os valores médios para a %GORD, %PROT e %SOL foram de 4,73 ± 1,43%, 4,06 ± 0,39%, e 14,23 ± 1,76%; e de 4,47 ± 0,99%, 3,84 ± 0,25%, e 13,29 ± 1,47%, para o níveis 4Kg e 8Kg de concentrado comercial. Não houve diferença (P=0,23) entre os dois níveis para a %GORD, todavia, houve diferença (P=0,000) para a %PROT e %SOL. As vacas que receberam diariamente 2 Kg de concentrado apresentaram leite com maiores porcentagens de proteína e de sólidos totais comparadas as que receberam 4 Kg de concentrado. O nível de concentrado influenciou a porcentagem de proteína e de sólidos totais no leite de vacas Jersey em sistema a pasto sem, no entanto afetar a porcentagem de gordura

Suplementação de vacas da raça holandesa pastejando aveia e azevém e a variação no escore de condição corporal nos primeiros 100 dias de lactação.

O escore de condição corporal (ECC) é uma medida subjetiva das reservas corporais, baseado em avaliações visuais e táteis de pontos específicos do corpo, importante para monitorar os animais no início da lactação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o ECC de vacas Holandesas em lactação mantidas em pastagem de aveia e azevém e suplementadas com níveis de 0, 4 e 8 kg/animal/dia de concentrado. O experimento foi realizado na EMBRAPA Pecuária Sul, de maio a dezembro de 2010, totalizando seis períodos de avaliações e 220 observações de 37 animais. Foi utilizado uma escala de 1 a 5, com subunidades de 0,25 pontos. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Dunnett a 5%, utilizando-se o SPSS 11.0. O ECC médio foi de 2,87 ± 0,56. Houve efeito (P0,05). O nível de concentrado influenciou negativamente o ECC de vacas Holandesas em lactação, em pastagem de aveia e azevém

Assisted hopping and interaction effects in impurity models

We study, using Numerical Renormalization Group methods, the generalization of the Anderson impurity model where the hopping depends on the filling of the impurity. We show that the model, for sufficiently large values of the assisted hopping term, shows a regime where local pairing correlations are enhanced. These correlations involve pairs fluctuating between on site and nearest neighbor positions

PP-waves with torsion and metric-affine gravity

A classical pp-wave is a 4-dimensional Lorentzian spacetime which admits a nonvanishing parallel spinor field; here the connection is assumed to be Levi-Civita. We generalise this definition to metric compatible spacetimes with torsion and describe basic properties of such spacetimes. We use our generalised pp-waves for constructing new explicit vacuum solutions of quadratic metric-affine gravity.Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX2