Midazolam versus Propofol monitored anesthesia care sedation in pediatric patients undergoing spinal anesthesia

Cardiorespiratory and Neuromotor Functional Exploration Laboratory, Microbiology and Immunology Research Laboratory, Laboratory of Population Health Research in Correlation with Risk Factors, Clinical Department Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Romania, The 5th International Congress of the Society of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology of the Republic of Moldova, 16th Edition of the International Course of Guidelines and Protocols in Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, 28th Meeting of the European Society for Computing and Technology in Anesthesia and Intensive Care September 27-29, 2018, Chisinau, the Republic of MoldovaBackground: Spinal anesthesia in children enjoyed an increased interest in the past few years. It proved to be a valid alternative because it is simple, not requiring the instrumentation of the airways, facilitates the postoperative care and is the most suitable technique when general anesthesia should be avoided. Besides its benefits, spinal anesthesia in children often requires additional perioperative sedation. This study was designed to compare the efficacity of two hypnotic drugs Propofol and Midazolam as part of monitored anaesthesia care sedation during surgery. Material and methods: This study was performed in Pediatric Clinical Hospital of Galati and included all the children who underwent spinal anesthesia for lower abdominal or limb surgery between May 2016 and May 2017. These children were premedicated with low doses of midazolam, ketamine and atropine before the lumbar puncture and during surgery some of them were continuously sedated with Propofol and the others with Midazolam. The level of sedation, intaoperative behavior, respiratory and hemodynamic status, awakening and postoperative side effects were our main data of interest. Results: Both hypnotic drugs offered acceptable levels of sedation, some but not significant fluctuations of the respiratory rate, the blood pressure and the pulse and a light awakening. Pediatric patients who were sedated with Midazolam registered more postoperative nausea and vomiting and one patient sedated with Propofol presented purposeless movements during surgery. Conclusions: The monitored anesthesia care sedation with Propofol for spinal anesthesia offers a superior grade of comfort because of the lower risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF WILD GARLIC (Allium ursinum) FROM ROMANIAN SPONTANEOUS FLORA

Wild Romanian spontaneous garlic’s (Allium ursinum) antimicrobial activity was tested in order to establish the inhibition potential of growth of some microorganisms. As test microorganisms were used pure cultures of fungs (Aspergillus glaucus, Geotrichum candidum, Mucor mucedo, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) isolated from food microbiota. There were also, used microbial strains isolated from different pathological products: wound secretions (Staphylococcus aureus), throat swab (Streptococcus pyogenes), urine (Escherichia coli) and oral mucosa (Candida albicans). The antimicrobial potential of used extracts is highlighted depending on the type of the vegetal tissue (leaves, roots, bulbs) and the nature of the solvent used for extraction. Extracts used in these experiments are recommended to use in food industry to preserve the stability and to improve the organoleptic quality of products

Comparative Study of the Bioactive Properties and Elemental Composition of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Sprouts during Germination

Considering the growing interest in functional foods, the identification of the individual species of elements is of great importance in understanding specific nutraceutical properties. The present study aims to compare the dynamic of the elemental content (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, and Se), total polyphenols, and antioxidant activity of Trifolium pratense L. and Medicago sativa L. sprouts in different germination stages. The elemental profile was established by atomic absorption spectroscopy after the microwave acid digestion of the samples, while total polyphenols and anti-radical activity were evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopic methods. Phenolic compounds and anti-radical activity of both alfalfa and red clover sprouts varied with germination stages. Germination can significantly increase the anti-radical activity in the first 3 days of germination, followed by a decline in the following days. An increase in total polyphenols was noticed, starting from the second day of germination in both plant species. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences for Ca, Na, Fe, K, Zn, and Mg contents among the sprouts, depending on the germination stage and plant species. The calcium contents of alfalfa ranged between 200.74 µg/g DW (raw seeds) and 2765.31 µg/g DW (sprouted), while in red clover between 250.83 µg/g DW and 601.59 µg/g DW. Maximum selenium content in alfalfa sprouts, reached in the 3rd day of germination (11.42 µg/g DW), exceeded the maximum value measured in red clover (9.42 µg/g DW). The data were subject to statistical processing using analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA)