11,957 research outputs found
Gamma-Rays from Non-Blazar AGN
Non-blazar Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) have emerged as a new gamma-ray
emitting source class on the extragalactic sky and started to deepen our
understanding of the physical processes and the nature of AGN in general. The
detection of Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies in the Fermi-LAT energy regime, for
example, offers important information for our understanding of jet formation
and radio-loudness. Radio galaxies, on the other hand, have become particularly
interesting at high (HE) and very high (VHE) gamma-ray energies. With their
jets not directly pointing towards us (i.e. misaligned), they offer a unique
tool to probe into the nature of the fundamental (and often hidden) physical
processes in AGN. This review highlights and discusses some of the
observational and theoretical progress achieved in the gamma-ray regime during
recent years, including the evidence for unexpected spectral hardening in
Centaurus A and extreme short-term variability as seen in IC 310 and M87.Comment: Invited review paper for the 6th Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray
Astronomy, to appear in AIP Conference Proc., 11 pages, 6 figure
Gamma-Ray Astrophysics in the Time Domain
The last few years have seen gamma-ray astronomy maturing and advancing in
the field of time-domain astronomy, utilizing source variability on timescales
over many orders of magnitudes, from a decade down to a few minutes and
shorter, depending on the source. This review focuses on some of the key
science issues and conceptual developments concerning the timing
characteristics of active galactic nuclei (AGN) at gamma-ray energies. It
highlights the relevance of adequate statistical tools and illustrates that the
developments in the gamma-ray domain bear the potential to fundamentally deepen
our understanding of the nature of the emitting source and the link between
accretion dynamics, black hole physics, and jet ejection.Comment: review paper; accepted for publication in Galaxies, Special Issue
Monitoring the Non-Thermal Universe; 17 pages, 11 figure
Periodic variability and binary black hole systems in blazars
We consider the periodic modulation of emission from jets in blazar-type
sources. A differential Doppler boosting origin, associated with the helical
motion of a radiating component, is analyzed for different periodic driving
sources including orbital motion and jet precession in a binary black hole
system (BBHS). We emphasize that for non-ballistic helical motion classical
travel time effects can lead to strong shortening effects, such that the
observed period may be a factor smaller than the underlying
driving period, where denotes the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet
flow. The relevance of the above noted scenarios is discussed for the BL Lac
object AO 0235+16.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure; contribution to: High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy:
2nd International Symposium (Heidelberg, July 2004); AIP Conf. Proceedings,
eds. F. A. Aharonian, H J. Voelk, and D. Horn
Rapid VHE variability in blazars
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are known to show significant variability over a
wide frequency range. We review observational results on the variability
characteristics of blazars in the very high energy (VHE) domain, focusing on
recent findings of rapid VHE variability and evidence for an underlying
multiplicative driving process in PKS 2155-304. We explore a physical scenario
where the variability is assumed to arise due to accretion disk fluctuations
transmitted to the jet, and discuss its implications for the central
powerhouse.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. Accepted to the Proceedings of the 25th Texas
Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics (Heidelberg, 2010
Gamma-ray emission from the black hole's vicinity in AGN
Non-thermal magnetospheric processes in the vicinity of supermassive black
holes have attracted particular attention in recent times. Gap-type particle
acceleration accompanied by curvature and Inverse Compton radiation could in
principle lead to variable gamma-ray emission that may be detectable with
current instruments. We shortly comment on the occurrence of magnetospheric
gaps and the realisation of different potentials. The detection of rapid
variability becomes most instructive by imposing a constraint on possible gap
sizes, thereby limiting extractable gap powers and allowing to assess the
plausibility of a magnetospheric origin. The relevance of this is discussed for
the radio galaxies Cen A, M87 and IC310. The detection of magnetospheric
gamma-ray emission generally allows for a sensitive probe of the
near-black-hole region and is thus of prime interest for advancing our
understanding of the (astro)physics of extreme environmentsComment: Talk presented at the 7th Fermi Symposium, Garmisch-Partenkirchen,
October 201
Rotationally-driven VHE emission from the Vela pulsar
The recent detection of pulsed -ray emission from the Vela pulsar in
the to 100 GeV range by H.E.S.S. promises an important potential to
probe into the very high energy (VHE) radiation mechanisms of pulsars. The
recent detection of pulsed -ray emission from the Vela pulsar in the
to 100 GeV range by H.E.S.S. promises an important potential to probe
into the very high energy (VHE) radiation mechanisms of pulsars. We analyze
achievable particle energies in the magnetosphere of the Vela pulsar, and
calculate the resultant emission properties. Inverse Compton up-scattering of
thermal photons from the surface of the star is shown to lead a pulsed VHE
contribution reaching into the TeV regime with spectral characteristics
compatible with current findings. If confirmed by further observations this
could be the second case where rotationally-driven processes turn out to be
important to understand the VHE emission in young pulsars.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
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