Quick application/release nut with engagement indicator

A composite nut is shown which permits a fastener to be inserted or removed from either side with an indicator of fastener engagement. The nut has a plurality of segments, preferably at least three segments, which are internally threaded, spring loaded apart by an internal spring, and has detents on opposite sides which force the nut segments into operative engagements with a threaded member when pushed in and release the segments for quick insertion or removal of the nut when moved out. When the nut is installed, end pressure on one of the detents presses the nut segments into operative engagement with a threaded member where continued rotation locks the structure together with the detents depressed to indicate positive locking engagement of the nut. On removal, counterclockwise rotation of the nut relieves the endwise pressure on the detents, permitting internal springs to force the detents outward and allowing the nut segments to move outward and separate to permit quick removal of the fastener

Principles and techniques of encouraging participation in civic activity.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University, 1953 N.B.:Page 41 is mislabeled. No content is missing

Recent changes to conservation of New Zealand’s native biodiversity

This paper presents some observations about recent changes to conservation in New Zealand. It is influenced by practical experience over the past 15 years, first as conservation planner employed by the Department of Conservation, then as an environmentalist involved in community conservation projects. It looks at the development of public-private partnerships in conservation action over the past fifteen years. These changes point to the configuration of new landscapes although the diverse and uncoordinated nature of many contemporary initiatives suggest that future biological communities will comprise a diversity of hybrid mixes from predominantly native to fully non-native species

Planners and the conservation of biological heritage: Implications for New Zealand and Australia

The aim of this paper is to encourage greater attention by planners to conservation of native or indigenous biodiversity, and to the skills and knowledge required for this endeavour. This paper argues that, in order to be effective, planners need to develop methods and principles of planning that support the long-term survival of native species and ecosystems. To do so, they will need to work with ecologists, biologists, and land managers, and bring new areas of ecological understanding to their traditional skills. They will also have to demonstrate that they have the skills they claim to have. Moreover, since conservation of biodiversity frequently requires the maintenance or restoration of ecological processes a change in the common focus of planning on development approval with limited monitoring or enforcement, is required

Remnants of the Waikato: native forest survival in a production landscape

This paper addresses the issue of conservation of native biodiversity on privately owned farmland in New Zealand. Based on surveys of Waikato dairy farmers as exemplars of intensive agricultural practice, it examines factors that influence the survival of native forest on land with potential for commercial production. Results suggest that a significant proportion of Waikato dairy farmers regard native forest favourably although the proportion of farmers who actively conserve their native forest is small. Factors that assist the persistence of native forest on dairy farms include personal characteristics of the farmer, past accidents of history which have left forest remnants in place, and physical characteristics of the farm such as topography. While the conservation of native biodiversity within this intensively farmed landscape is strongly influenced by political economy pressures that encourage production, non-utilitarian motives such as aesthetic enjoyment and family heritage can serve to counter the production ethic

Sustainable development and conservation of biological heritage in Australia and New Zealand

The aim of this paper is to encourage greater attention by planners to conservation of native or indigenous biodiversity. It explains what is meant by indigenous, or native, biodiversity and why indigenous biodiversity conservation must become an on-going consideration for Australian and New Zealand planners in future. It outlines some recent national and international policy developments which provide the justification for planning involvement, and discusses some examples of biodiversity provisions in recent plans within New Zealand. It suggests some of the limitations of traditional planning approaches as they relate to biodiversity conservation and explains why planners have an important role to play, particularly in the context of local and regional government. Although the discussion rests heavily on recent experience of planning of biodiversity within New Zealand, the ecological trends within Australia, as well as policies at the federal government level suggest that conservation of biodiversity is as important for planners within Australia as those within New Zealand

Protection of native bush by Waikato dairy farmers: A cultural perspective

Protection of native vegetation on private land is particularly important for biodiversity conservation because most of the conservation land in public ownership is 300m or more above sea level. It is thus representative of higher altitude ecosystems. Almost all New Zealand's lower altitude areas are in private ownership. Maintaining current levels of indigenous biodiversity means, in practice, persuading many of the nation's farmers and forest landowners to retain or restore native bush and wetlands on their land

Does practice make perfect? Debate about principles versus practice in New Zealand local government planning

Legislation and practice are two arms of public policy planning. Legislation empowers or enables; practice is the articulation and implementation of legislative principle. In New Zealand there has been widespread debate in recent years about the relative importance of practice versus legislation in achieving planning outcomes under its key planning legislation, the Resource Management Act 1991. This paper proposes that the effectiveness and efficiency of planning practice may depend on a range of factors, some of which are beyond the control of planners, and outside of legislation. They include political priorities and the countervailing administrative responsibilities of the public agencies involved