MHD of rotating compact stars with spectral methods: description of the algorithm and tests

A flexible spectral code for the study of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics is presented. Aiming at investigating the physics of slowly rotating magnetized compact stars, this new code makes use of various physically motivated approximations. Among them, the relativistic anelastic approximation is a key ingredient of the current version of the code. In this article, we mainly outline the method, putting emphasis on algorithmic techniques that enable to benefit as much as possible of the non-dissipative character of spectral methods, showing also a potential astrophysical application and providing a few illustrative tests.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures (new figure added, misprints corrected) Article accepted for publication in a special issue of Classical and Quantum Gravity "New Frontiers in Numerical Relativity

Study of Chirality in the Two-Dimensional XY Spin Glass

We study the chirality in the Villain form of the XY spin glass in two--dimensions by Monte Carlo simulations. We calculate the chiral-glass correlation length exponent $\nu_{\scriptscriptstyle CG}$ and find that $\nu_{\scriptscriptstyle CG} = 1.8 \pm 0.3$ in reasonable agreement with earlier studies. This indicates that the chiral and phase variables are decoupled on long length scales and diverge as $T \to 0$ with {\em different} exponents, since the spin-glass correlation length exponent was found, in earlier studies, to be about 1.0.Comment: 4 pages. Latex file and 4 embedded postscript files are included in a self-unpacking compressed tar file. A postscript version is available at ftp://chopin.ucsc.edu/pub/xysg.p

Emergent gauge dynamics of highly frustrated magnets

Condensed matter exhibits a wide variety of exotic emergent phenomena such as the fractional quantum Hall effect and the low temperature cooperative behavior of highly frustrated magnets. I consider the classical Hamiltonian dynamics of spins of the latter phenomena using a method introduced by Dirac in the 1950s by assuming they are constrained to their lowest energy configurations as a simplifying measure. Focusing on the kagome antiferromagnet as an example, I find it is a gauge system with topological dynamics and non-locally connected edge states for certain open boundary conditions similar to doubled Chern-Simons electrodynamics expected of a $Z_2$ spin liquid. These dynamics are also similar to electrons in the fractional quantum Hall effect. The classical theory presented here is a first step towards a controlled semi-classical description of the spin liquid phases of many pyrochlore and kagome antiferromagnets and towards a description of the low energy classical dynamics of the corresponding unconstrained Heisenberg models.Comment: Updated with some appendices moved to the main body of the paper and some additional improvements. 21 pages, 5 figure

Conserved Growth on Vicinal Surfaces

A crystal surface which is miscut with respect to a high symmetry plane exhibits steps with a characteristic distance. It is argued that the continuum description of growth on such a surface, when desorption can be neglected, is given by the anisotropic version of the conserved KPZ equation (T. Sun, H. Guo, and M. Grant, Phys. Rev. A 40, 6763 (1989)) with non-conserved noise. A one--loop dynamical renormalization group calculation yields the values of the dynamical exponent and the roughness exponent which are shown to be the same as in the isotropic case. The results presented here should apply in particular to growth under conditions which are typical for molecular beam epitaxy.Comment: 10 pages, uses revte

Phonon superradiance and phonon laser effect in nanomagnets

We show that the theory of spin-phonon processes in paramagnetic solids must take into account the coherent generation of phonons by the magnetic centers. This effect should drastically enhance spin-phonon rates in nanoscale paramagnets and in crystals of molecular nanomagnets.Comment: 4 PR pages, 1 Figur

Simplex solid states of SU(N) quantum antiferromagnets

I define a set of wavefunctions for SU(N) lattice antiferromagnets, analogous to the valence bond solid states of Affleck, Kennedy, Lieb, and Tasaki (AKLT), in which the singlets are extended over N-site simplices. As with the valence bond solids, the new simplex solid (SS) states are extinguished by certain local projection operators, allowing us to construct Hamiltonians with local interactions which render the SS states exact ground states. Using a coherent state representation, we show that the quantum correlations in each SS state are calculable as the finite temperature correlations of an associated classical model, with N-spin interactions, on the same lattice. In three and higher dimensions, the SS states can spontaneously break SU(N) and exhibit N-sublattice long-ranged order, as a function of a discrete parameter which fixes the local representation of SU(N). I analyze this transition using a classical mean field approach. For N>2 the ordered state is selected via an "order by disorder" mechanism. As in the AKLT case, the bulk representations fractionalize at an edge, and the ground state entropy is proportional to the volume of the boundary.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, minor typos correcte

Monte Carlo study of the two-dimensional site-diluted dipolar Ising model

By tempered Monte Carlo simulations, we study 2D site-diluted dipolar Ising systems. Dipoles are randomly placed on a fraction x of all L^2 sites in a square lattice, and point along a common crystalline axis. For x_c< x<=1, where x_c = 0.79(5), we find an antiferromagnetic phase below a temperature which vanishes as x approaches x_c from above. At lower values of x, we study (i) distributions of the spin--glass (SG) overlap q, (ii) their relative mean square deviation Delta_q^2 and kurtosis and (iii) xi_L/L, where xi_L is a SG correlation length. From their variation with temperature and system size, we find that the paramagnetic phase covers the entire T>0 range. Our results enable us to obtain an estimate of the critical exponent associated to the correlation length at T=0, 1/nu=0.35(10).Comment: 10 LaTeX pages, 10 figures, 1 table

On Wilson Criterion

U(1) gauge theory with the Villain action on a cubic lattice approximation of three- and four-dimensional torus is considered. The naturally chosen correlation functions converge to the correlation functions of the R-gauge electrodynamics on three- and four-dimensional torus as the lattice spacing approaches zero only for the special scaling. This special scaling depends on a choice of a correlation function system. Another scalings give the degenerate continuum limits. The Wilson criterion for the confinement is ambiguous. The asymptotics of the smeared Wilson loop integral for the large loop perimeters is defined by the density of the loop smearing over a torus which is transversal to the loop plane. When the initial torus radius tends to infinity the correlation functions converge to the correlation functions of the R-gauge Euclidean electrodynamics.Comment: latex, 6 page

Numerical Study of Spin and Chiral Order in a Two-Dimensional XY Spin Glass

The two dimensional XY spin glass is studied numerically by a finite size scaling method at T=0 in the vortex representation which allows us to compute the exact (in principle) spin and chiral domain wall energies. We confirm earlier predictions that there is no glass phase at any finite T. Our results strongly support the conjecture that both spin and chiral order have the same correlation length exponent $\nu \approx 2.70$. We obtain preliminary results in 3d.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, revte

Classical antiferromagnet on a hyperkagome lattice

Motivated by recent experiments on Na_4Ir_3O_8 [Y. Okamoto, M. Nohara, H. Aruga-Katori, and H. Takagi, arXiv:0705.2821 (unpublished)], we study the classical antiferromagnet on a frustrated three-dimensional lattice obtained by selectively removing one of four sites in each tetrahedron of the pyrochlore lattice. This ``hyperkagome'' lattice consists of corner-sharing triangles. We present the results of large-N mean field theory and Monte Carlo computations on O(N) classical spin models. It is found that the classical ground states are highly degenerate. Nonetheless a nematic order emerges at low temperatures in the Heisenberg model (N=3) via ``order by disorder'', representing the dominance of coplanar spin configurations. Implications for ongoing experiments are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, published versio