Serial murder as allegory : a subconscious echo of unresolved childhood trauma

This thesis explores the notion that we may be able to more fully understand the etiology of serial murder. Specifically, it concludes that the behaviours of serial murderers can be allegorical of unresolved childhood trauma - that in the murderous actions of the adult there can be a depth of subconscious allegorical connection to the repressed (forgotten) and unresolved trauma of the murderer's own childhood. The focus for this hermeneutic inquiry is the intersection that can be constructed between the phenomenon of serial murder and the assertion of the psychoanalyst Alice Miller that every perpetrator of violence was once a child who was (himself or herself) a victim. Alice Miller's concept of Poisonous Pedagogy is explained and critiqued. Her belief that our childhoods tell the stories of our adult behaviours is questioned in light of the similar theoretical ground of Life History, Life Narrative, Psychobiography, and Psychoanalytic Narrative. Miller's contention that there are directly allegorical connections between childhood abuse and adult murderous behaviours is illustrated by her analysis of the life of Jurgen Bartsch. A hermeneutic examination of the biographic records of two other serial murderers (Ted Bundy and John Wayne Gacy) is then undertaken to question the available support for Miller's contentions It is concluded that there is strong support for Miller's assertions regarding the etiology of violence, and that violent adult behaviour, even serial murder, can be allegorical of unresolved childhood trauma. It is suggested that there is a need to extend this area of research through face-to-face engagement with perpetrators of violence. It is recommended that we directly engage serial murderers in personal discourses that will allow further exploration of Miller's notion that serial murderers' behaviours are allegorical echoes of harm that was done to them

A practical approach to the study of sound for musicians

This account of the beginning of music might equally well be applied to man\u27s discovery of sounds produced by the stretched string on his hunting-bow, or skins stretched across wooden frames. Pure fancy though it may be, the account serves to illustrate the dependence of music on the universal principles of science. Sound, the medium of expression, the vehicle, of music, is purely physical phenomenon. All aspects of its production, its transmission, and its ultimate reception are based invariable on physical laws. All musical instruments operate under these laws, as do the tones and combinations of tones which the instruments produce. Since that time when our prehistoric man made his discoveries, all musicians have had to depend upon scientific principles in producing the various sounds with which they work In order to deal most effectively with these tones, it is necessary that the musician understand some of the principles governing their production and their various relationships. It is with this necessity in mind that this thesis is being written. In the thesis an attempt is made to present those physical aspects of sound which will be of the most practical use to the musician and which will give him a better understanding of the materials with which he works. As often as it is possible and practical, direct illustration of the applications to the musician\u27s work of the principles discussed are given. this thesis is not intended to be a study of sound. The subject is covered thoroughly in a number of text-books. lt is rather an attempt to show how the Science of Sound is related to the Art of Music, to demonstrate in what ways the latter is dependent upon the former, and to outline an approach to a study of the physical principles of sound for the musician

Glucose kinetics and hepatic gluconeogenesis in ketotic and fasted steers

An exprimental ketosis was induced in steers by feeding 1,3-butanediol, which is ketogenic, and by injecting phlorizin, which causes glucosuria. In the first trial, four steers received butanediol mixed with the basal ration for 14 days, and phlorizin injected subcutaneously on the last 7 days of butanediol feeding. In the second trial, four steers received butanediol and phlorizin for 28 days with the same basal ration. These steers also were fasted for 9 days. Results are reported as comparisons with the control treatment (basal ration);In the first trial, when steers received butanediol and phlorizin (BDP), plasma glucose decreased by 26%, plasma free fatty acids increased 4-fold, and blood ketone bodies increased nearly 7-fold. BDP also caused glucose irreversible loss, pool size, and space to increase by 64, 24, and 67% and caused glucose total entry rate and recycling to decrease by 26 and 34%. In the second trial, extended treatment with BDP caused changes in blood glucose, ketone bodies, free fatty acids, and glucose irreversible loss similar to those during the first trial. Insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone in plasma, and glycogen and triglyceride in liver were not affected by BDP. Fasting caused a 19% decrease in plasma glucose, hypoinsulinemia, a 6-fold increase in plasma free fatty acids, a 2.6-fold increase in blood ketone bodies, a 51% decrease in glucose irreversible loss, and a 63% decrease in liver glycogen, but fasting did not affect liver triglyceride. BDP caused in vitro hepatic gluconeogenesis from propionate, lactate, alanine, and glycerol to increase by 2.5-, 3.2-, 1.7-, and 2-fold and fasting caused values to increase by 5.2-, 12.4-, 7.5-, and 2.8-fold;Physiological stress imposed by prolonged BDP treatment was no greater than that imposed by short-term BDP treatment. Physiological stress imposed by fasting is greater than that imposed by BDP treatment, as evidenced by higher plasma free fatty acids and lower liver glycogen during fasting. Both BDP and fasting increased in vitro hepatic gluconeogenic capacity. Experimental ketosis in steers receiving BDP is not as severe as lactation ketosis in cows

Circular 86

Reindeer in western Alaska have been described as a free-ranging, semi-domesticated animal. Herd management is minimal and animals are less tractable when compared to domestic livestock. Consequently, when reindeer are moved through a corral system they are more susceptible to stress. Stress can occur as a result of circumstances that are related to nutritional, social (crowding), induced psychological or physiological trauma, and parasitic problems, all of which can be interrelated. Excessive stress can reduce herd productivity by lowering reproductive rates, weight gains, survivorship, and immune response. Stress during corralling can result in trauma from overcrowding and trampling, inadequate food and water, disturbance of normal behavioral patterns, and exhaustion. Proper corral design and its operation play a vital role in both prevention of injury and the level of stress the reindeer experience

Ruminal parameters as effected by ration change, monensin, protein supplement type and level of wheat in steers consuming whole shelled corn basal rations

This study was conducted initially to monitor changes occuring in ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid and ciliate protozoa concentrations as steers were adapted from all-forage rations to all-grain rations of whole shelled corn or mixtures of whole shelled corn and whole wheat. In addition, the effects of monensin additions and protein supplement type on these same rumen parameters in steers consuming basal rations of whole shelled corn were determined. Finally, the effects of varying levels of whole wheat, fed in combination with whole shelled corn, upon these same rumen parameters were determined. In trial 1, four steers were adapted from all-forage rations to all-grain rations composed of whole shelled corn over a 15 day period (adaptation phase). The same steers were then fed whole shelled corn basal rations with and without monensin, supplemented with a commercial protein supplement or soybean meal for 112 days (switchover phase). In trial 2, 4? steers were adapted from all-forage rations to all-grain rations composed of varying proportions of whole shelled corn and whole wheat over a 21 day period (adaptation phase). After adaptation to the all-grain rations, the same steers continued to receive the same corn - wheat rations for 50 days (finishing phase). The effects of treatment on rumen variables observed within each trial are presented at a 5 percent level of significance. During the adaptation phase of trial 1, rumen fluid pH remained relatively high (6.70-6.85), but did decrease on day 15 (6.28). Total volatile fatty acid concentration did not change during the adaptation phase (69.8- 107.9 μ/ml), molar percent acetate decreased (73.6-49.7) and molar percent propionate tended to remain stable (12.6-15.0), but did increase (23.9) on day 12. Molar percents butyrate and valerate increased (9.4-29.7, respectively) during the adaptation phase. Molar percent isoacids did not change (.6-3.8) and protozoa concentrations, composed primarily of Entodinium, increased initially (1.71-7.24 X 105/ml), and then decreased until all animals were defaunated after consuming all-grain, forage-free rations for 14 days. During the adaptation phase of trial 2, rumen fluid pH (6.77-5.67), molar percent acetate (73.8-43.9) and molar percent butyrate (8.3-6.9) decreased, while total volatile fatty acid concentration (70.6-167.I μm/ml) and molar percent propionate (15.4-45.4) increased. Molar percent valerate (.4-3.2) and isoacids (.8-1.3) did not change significantly. Total ruminal protozoa concentrations did not change between days 6 and 7 of the adaptation phase (1.43-1.50 x 105/ml), however, by day 21, 85 percent of all steers were defaunated. During the switchover phase of trial 1, monensin or protein supplement type did not effect ruminal pH (5.96-6.03), total volatile fatty acid concentration (121.0-130.0 μm/ml), molar percents acetate (43.7-46.7), propionate (39.0-44.0), butyrate (7.5-9.0), valerate (3.6-5.3) or isoacids (.4-.6). During the finishing phase of trial 2, ruminal pH (5.94-6.22), total volatile fatty acid concentration (186.5-225.1 μm/ml), molar percents acetate (41.0-43.1), propionate (42.5-47.4), butyrate (7.3-10.4), valerate (2.1-2.2) or isoacids (.9-1.4) were not effected by varying levels of wheat in the ration

An analysis of power and stress using cybernetic epistemology

This dissertation unites two papers intended for publication in professional journals. The dissertation begins with a general introduction to cybernetic epistemology which functions as the foundation for the analyses accomplished in the two papers. The Myth of Power and the Power of Myth is concerned with examining how cybernetic epistemology alters our understanding and use of the concept of power in our lives and in our society. Toward a Vibrant Stress Model presupposes a cybernetic epistemology as it creates an alternative model for the understanding and explanation of the experience of stress in human lives. Individually, each of the papers is intended to explain the dialogue surrounding two essential phenomena of human interaction. Together they demonstrate how a radical shift in epistemology can lead to new, creative, and more ethical approaches to human dilemmas

Studies in nitroxide radical chemistry.

First paragraph: The origin of the term ‘Radical’ can be traced as far back as the early nineteenth century when chemists such as Berzelius, Gay-Lussac and Liebig were tackling the then immense problems presented by the complex structures of organic compounds. Working with hydrogen cyanide, Gay-Lussac and Thenard found that the CN combination could be transferred from compound to compound without its breaking apart into individual carbon and nitrogen atoms. Such a group of two or more atoms that remained in combination while being transferred from one molecule to another was termed a radical from the Latin word for ‘root’. It was believed that organic molecules might be constructed out of a limited number of these ‘roots’