9,113 research outputs found
Brachyplatystom a promagdalena, new species, a fossil goliath catfish (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Miocene of Colombia, South America
Pain-Related Fear: A Critical Review of the Related Measures
Objectives: In regards to pain-related fear, this study aimed to: (1) identify existing measures and review their measurement properties, and (2) identify the optimum measure for specific constructs of fear-avoidance, pain-related fear, fear of movement, and kinesiophobia. Design: Systematic literature search for instruments designed to measure fear of pain in patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain. Psychometric properties were evaluated by adjusted Wind criteria. Results: Five questionnaires (Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), Fear-Avoidance of Pain Scale (FAPS), Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ), Pain and Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS), and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK)) were included in the review. The main findings were that for most questionnaires, there was no underlying conceptual model to support the questionnaire's construct. Psychometric properties were evaluated by diverse methods, which complicated comparisons of different versions of the same questionnaires. Construct validity and responsiveness was generally not supported and/or untested. Conclusion: The weak construct validity implies that no measure can currently identify who is fearful. The lack of evidence for responsiveness restricts the current use of the instruments to identify clinically relevant change from treatment. Finally, more theoretically driven research is needed to support the construct and thus the measurement of pain-related fear
Update on ultrasensitive technologies to facilitate research on blood biomarkers for central nervous system disorders
Most research on fluid biomarkers for central nervous system (CNS) disorders has so far been performed using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as the biomarker source. CSF has the advantage of being closer to the brain than serum or plasma with a relative enrichment of CNS-specific proteins that are present at very low concentrations in the blood and thus difficult to reliably quantify using standard immunochemical technologies. Recent technical breakthroughs in the field of ultrasensitive assays have started to change this. Here, we review the most established ultrasensitive quantitative technologies that are currently available to general biomarker laboratories and discuss their use in research on biomarkers for CNS disorders
Wodzicki residue and anomalies of current algebras
The commutator anomalies (Schwinger terms) of current algebras in
dimensions are computed in terms of the Wodzicki residue of pseudodifferential
operators; the result can be written as a (twisted) Radul 2-cocycle for the Lie
algebra of PSDO's. The construction of the (second quantized) current algebra
is closely related to a geometric renormalization of the interaction
Hamiltonian in gauge theory.Comment: 15 pages, updated version of a talk at the Baltic School in Field
Theory, September 199
Spin-dependent structure functions and for inclusive spin-half baryon production in electron-positron annihilation
Two spin-dependent structure functions and for the
inclusive spin-half baryon production in electron-positron annihilation are
studied in the context of QCD factorization as well as in the naive quark
parton model. As a result, it is found that the sum of and is related to and , two quark fragmentation functions
defined by Jaffe and Ji. In connection with the measurement of quark
fragmentation functions, the possible phenomenological consequences are
discussed.Comment: RevTex, four Ps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
- …