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    INCIDENCIA DE CARDIOPAT脥AS DURANTE EL EMBARAZO EN LA PROVINCIA DE VILLA CLARA / Incidence of heart disease during pregnancy in Villa Clara province

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    ResumenIntroducci贸n y objetivos: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la cuarta causa de muerte durante el per铆odo grav铆dico-puerperal, y un indicador de morbilidad y mortalidad para el producto de la concepci贸n. El objetivo de esta investigaci贸n fue determinar el comportamiento de la cardiopat铆a en la embarazada, su atenci贸n m茅dica y evoluci贸n durante y al final del embarazo. M茅todo: Se realiz贸 un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, donde se analizaron 283 gestantes con diagn贸stico de cardiopat铆a, atendidas en el Hospital Universitario Gineco-Obst茅trico "Mariana Grajales" de Santa Clara, Villa Clara, en el per铆odo 2008-2010. La informaci贸n se obtuvo mediante la revisi贸n de las historias cl铆nicas individuales, interrogatorio, examen f铆sico completo, as铆 como pruebas complementarias para establecer o confirmar el diagn贸stico. Resultados: Se obtuvo una incidencia de 17,2 cardiopat铆as por cada mil gestantes y en el 59,7 % de ellas, la cardiopat铆a era adquirida; el prolapso valvular mitral fue la m谩s frecuente (45 %). De las cong茅nitas, el 36,8 % se trataba de una comunicaci贸n interauricular. Se utiliz贸 antibioprofilaxis en el 96,8 % de las embarazadas y en el 96,1 % de ellas se mantuvo un seguimiento m茅dico. El 92,6 % ten铆a clase funcional I y 4,6 % present贸 complicaci贸n por su enfermedad. El 77,4 % pari贸 entre las 37 y 42 semanas, y el 82,7 % tuvo parto eut贸cico. Conclusiones: Las gestantes cardi贸patas fueron m谩s frecuentes en edades entre 20 y 29 a帽os, con predominio de las que no hab铆an parido, captaci贸n entre las 13 y 24 semanas, y cardiopat铆as adquiridas. La atenci贸n m茅dica que prevaleci贸 fue la antibioprofilaxis y el seguimiento m茅dico con evoluci贸n final del embarazo satisfactoria. / AbstractIntroduction and Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the fourth leading cause of death during the gravid-puerperal period, and an indicator of morbidity and mortality for the product of conception. The objective of this research was to determine the behavior of heart disease in pregnant women, its medical care and evolution during and after pregnancy. Method: A prospective descriptive study was performed, which analyzed 283 pregnant women diagnosed with heart disease, and treated at the Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital "Mariana Grajales" in Santa Clara, Villa Clara, in the period 2008-2010. Information was obtained through review of individual medical records, interview, complete physical examination and laboratory tests to establish or confirm the diagnosis. Results: A heart disease incidence of 17.2 per thousand pregnant women was obtained and in 59.7% of them, the heart disease was acquired, and the mitral valve prolapse was the most frequent (45%). Of the congenital diseases, 36.8% was an atrial septal defect. Antibiotic prophylaxis was used in 96.8% of pregnant women and in 96.1% of them a medical monitoring was kept. 92.6% had functional class I and 4.6% presented disease-related complications. 77.4% gave birth between 37 and 42 weeks, and 82.7% had vaginal delivery. Conclusions: Pregnant women with heart disease were more common in ages 20 to 29 years, predominantly in those who had not given birth, whose pregnancies had been detected between 13 and 24 weeks, and with acquired heart diseases. The prevailing medical care was antibiotic prophylaxis and medical monitoring with satisfactory final outcome of pregnancy

    Incidencia de cardiopat铆as durante el embarazo en la provincia de Villa Clara

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    Introduction and objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the fourth leading cause of death during the gravidpuerperal period, and an indicator of morbidity and mortality for the product of conception. The objective of this research was to determine the behavior of heart disease in pregnant women, its medical care and evolution during and after pregnancy. Method: A prospective descriptive study was performed, which analyzed 283 pregnant women diagnosed with heart disease, and treated at the Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital "Mariana Grajales" in Santa Clara, Villa Clara, in the period 2008-2010. Information was ob-tained through review of individual medical records, interview, complete physical examination and labora-tory tests to establish or confirm the diagnosis. Results: A heart disease incidence of 17.2 per thousand pregnant women was obtained and in 59.7% of them, the heart disease was acquired, and the mitral valve prolapse was the most frequent (45%). Of the congenital diseases, 36.8% was an atrial septal defect. Antibiotic prophylaxis was used in 96.8% of pregnant wo-men and in 96.1% of them a medical monitoring was kept. 92.6% had functional class I and 4.6% presented disease-related complications. 77.4% gave birth bet-ween 37 and 42 weeks, and 82.7% had vaginal delivery. Conclusions: Pregnant women with heart disease were more common in ages 20 to 29 years, predominantly in those who had not given birth, whose pregnancies had been detected between 13 and 24 weeks, and with acquired heart diseases. The prevailing medical care was antibiotic prophylaxis and medical monitoring with satisfactory final outcome of pregnancy.Introducci贸n y objetivos: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la cuarta causa de muerte durante el per铆odo grav铆dico-puerperal, y un indicador de morbilidad y mortalidad para el producto de la concepci贸n. El objetivo de esta investigaci贸n fue determinar el comportamiento de la cardiopat铆a en la embarazada, su atenci贸n m茅dica y evoluci贸n durante y al final del embarazo. M茅todo: Se realiz贸 un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, donde se analizaron 283 gestantes con diagn贸stico de cardiopat铆a, atendidas en el Hospital Universitario Gineco-Obst茅trico "Mariana Grajales" de Santa Clara, Villa Clara, en el per铆odo 2008-2010. La informaci贸n se obtuvo mediante la revisi贸n de las historias cl铆nicas individuales, interrogatorio, examen f铆sico completo, as铆 como pruebas complementarias para establecer o confirmar el diagn贸stico. Resultados: Se obtuvo una incidencia de 17,2 cardiopat铆as por cada mil gestantes y en el 59,7 % de ellas, la cardiopat铆a era adquirida; el prolapso valvular mitral fue la m谩s frecuente (45 %). De las cong茅nitas, el 36,8 % se trataba de una comunicaci贸n interauricular. Se utiliz贸 antibioprofilaxis en el 96,8 % de las embarazadas y en el 96,1 % de ellas se mantuvo un seguimiento m茅dico. El 92,6 % ten铆a clase funcional I y 4,6 % present贸 complicaci贸n por su enfermedad. El 77,4 % pari贸 entre las 37 y 42 semanas, y el 82,7 % tuvo parto eut贸cico. Conclusiones: Las gestantes cardi贸patas fueron m谩s frecuentes en edades entre 20 y 29 a帽os, con predominio de las que no hab铆an parido, captaci贸n entre las 13 y 24 semanas, y cardiopat铆as adquiridas. La atenci贸n m茅dica que prevaleci贸 fue la antibioprofilaxis y el seguimiento m茅dico con evoluci贸n final del embarazo satisfactoria
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